Stress at Work for Public Sector Managers

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.5020/2318-0722.2023.29.e13222

Keywords:

welfare at work, occupational stress, occupational health, public service

Abstract

In the current scenario of organizational changes and the nature of work, stress remains a challenge and a relevant problem, with peculiarities that must be investigated when considering public organizations and their managers. This study sought to explore the perceptions of public sector managers about stress at work, diagnosing stress levels in management work. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews and questionnaires consisting of open questions and closed items with managers of a federal public agency. Descriptive qualitative and quantitative analyses were performed. The average level of stress diagnosed was moderate. The main stressors refer to political influences and interference in the manager's performance, insufficient number of professionals in the teams, tight deadlines, and interference of work demands in rest and leisure times. The study brings reflections on practices aimed at promoting the welfare of these professionals, presents a questionnaire about stress in management work, and outlines a research agenda.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Author Biographies

Sandra Tavares de Almeida Lobo, Universidade de Brasília (UnB)

Pedagoga pela Universidade São Marcos.

Tatiane Paschoal, Universidade de Brasília (UnB)

Doutora em Psicologia Social, do Trabalho e das Organizações (UnB). Professora Adjunta do Departamento de Administração e do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Administração da Universidade de Brasília (UnB).

Natasha Fogaça, Universidade de Brasília (UnB)

Doutora em Administração (UnB). Professora do Departamento de Administração da Universidade de Brasília (UnB).

Rodrigo Rezende Ferreira, Universidade de Brasília (UnB)

Doutor em Psicologia Social, do Trabalho e das Organizações (UnB). Chefe do Curso e do Departamento de Administração e Professor Adjunto da Universidade de Brasilia (UnB).  

References

Bardin, L. (2006). Análise de conteúdo. Edições 70.

Beehr, T. A. (1998). Research on occupational stress: An unfinished enterprise. Personnel Psychology, 51(14), 835-844. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-6570.1998.tb00741.x

Bhui, K., Dinos, S., Galant-Miecznikowska, M., De Jongh, B., & Stansfeld, S. (2016). Perceptions of work stress causes and effective interventions in employees working in public, private and non-governmental organizations: A qualitative study. BJPsych Bulletin, 40(6), 318–325. https://doi.org/10.1192/pb.bp.115.050823

Borst, R. T., Kruyen, P. M., & Lako, C. J. (2017). Exploring the job demands–resources model of work engagement in government: Bringing in a psychological perspective. Review of Public Personnel Administration, 39(3), 1–26. https://doi.org/10.1177/0734371X17729870

Bragard I., Dupuis, G., & Fleet, R. (2015). Quality of work life, burnout, and stress in emergency department physicians: A qualitative review. European Journal of Emergency Medicine, 22(4), 227-234. https://doi.org/10.1097/MEJ.0000000000000194

Breaugh, J. (2021). Too stressed to be engaged? The role of basic needs satisfaction in understanding work stress and public sector engagement. Public Personnel Management, 5(1), 84-108. https://doi.org/10.1177/0091026020912516

Brough, P., & O' Driscoll, M. (2005). Work-family conflict and stress. In A. S. G. Antoniou & C. L. Cooper (Eds.), Research Companion to Organizational Health Psychology (pp. 346-365). Edward Elgar.

Burman, R., & Goswami, T. G. (2018). A systematic literature review of work stress. The International Journal of Management, V(3(9)),112-132. http://dx.doi.org/10.18843/ijms/v5i3(9)/15

Cushmir, L. H., & Franks, V. (1988). Stress and the woman manager. Training and Development Journal, 42(10), 66-71.

Decuypere, A., & Schaufeli, W. B. (2019). Leadership and work engagement: Exploring explanatory mechanisms. German Journal of Human Resource Management, 34(4), 69-95. https://doi.org/10.1177/2397002219892197

Demerouti, E., Bakker, A. B., Nachreiner, F., & Schaufeli, W. B. (2001). The job demands-resources model of burnout. Journal of Applied Psychology, 86(3), 499–512. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.86.3.499

Edwards, J. R., & Cooper, C. L. (1990). The person-environment fit approach to stress: Recurring problems and some suggested solutions. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 11(4), 293-307. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.4030110405

Ferreira, M. C. (2017). Qualidade de vida no trabalho: Uma abordagem centrada no olhar dos trabalhadores. (3a ed.). Paralelo 15.

Ferreira, M. C., & Falcão, J. T. R. (2020). Work in the context of COVID-19 pandemic, mental health and quality of work life: Essential guidelines. In M. M. de Moraes (Org.). The impacts of the pandemic on workers and their work relationship (pp. 23-30). Artmed.

Fletcher, L., Bailey, C., Alfes, K., & Madden, A. (2020). Mind the context gap: A critical review of engagement within the public sector and an agenda for future research. International Journal of Human Resource Management, 31(1), 6–46. https://doi.org/10.1080/09585192.2019.1674358

Flick, U. (2009). Introdução à pesquisa qualitativa. (3a ed.). Artmed.

Fogaça, N., & Coelho, F. A., Jr. (2015). A hipótese “trabalhador feliz, produtivo”: O que pensam os servidores públicos. Cadernos EBAPE.BR,13(4), 759-775. https://doi.org/10.1590/1679-395126953

Field, A. (2018). Descobrindo a estatística usando o SPSS. Artmed.

Gerhardt, C., Semmer, N. K., Sauter, S., Walker, A., Wijn, N. de, Kälin , W., Kottwitz, M. U., Kersten, B., Ulrich, B., & Elfering, A. (2021). How are social stressors at work related to well-being and health? A systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Public Health, 21(890),1-17. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-021-10894-7

Glowinkowski, S. P., & Cooper, C. L. (1987). Managers and professionals in business/industrial settings: The research evidence. In J. M. Ivancevich, & D. C. Gangster (Eds.). Job stress: From theory to suggestion (Part IV, pp. 177-194). The Haworth Press.

Hirschle, A. L. T., & Gondim, S. M. G. (2018). Estresse e bem-estar no trabalho: Uma revisão de literatura. Ciência & Saúde Coletiva, 25(7), 2721-273. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.1924

Iannotta, M., Meret, C., & Marchetti, G. (2020). Defining leadership in smart working contexts: A concept synthesis. Frontiers in Psychology,11,1-11. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.556933

Jex, S. M. (1998). Stress and job performance. Sage Publications.

Jimmieson, N. L., Bergin, A. J., Bordia, P., & Tucker. M. K. (2021). Supervisor strategies and resources needed for managing employee stress: A qualitative analysis. Safety Science, 136, 1-14. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssci.2020.105149

Johari, F. S. (2020). Work-related stress and coping strategies: A systematic literature review. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 10(6), 1016–1032. http://dx.doi.org/10.6007/IJARBSS/v10-i6/7469

Kahn, R. L., & Byosiere, P. (1992). Stress in organizations. In M. D. Dunnete, & L. M. Hough (Eds.). Handbook of industrial and organizational psychology: Volume 3, (pp. 571-650). Consulting Psychologists Press

Krosnick, J. A. (1999). Survey Research. Annual Review of Psychology, 50, 537-567. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.psych.50.1.537

Lavigna, B. (2015). Commentary: Public service motivation and employee engagement. Public Administration Review, 75(5), 732-733. https://doi.org/10.1111/puar.12429

Lazarus, R. S. (1995). Psychological stress in the workplace. In R. Crandall, & P. L. Perrewé (Orgs.). Occupational stress: A handbook. (pp. 3-14). Taylor & Francis.

Lazarus, R. S., & Folkman, S. (1984). Stress, appraisal and coping. Springer.

Maffia, L. N., & Pereira, L. Z. (2014). Estresse no trabalho: Estudo com gestores públicos do estado de Minas Gerais. Revista Eletrônica de Administração, 20(3), 658-680. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1413-2311.0052014.47163

Makhija, P., Naidu, G., & Rakeshi, T. N. (2016). Occupational stress amongst women employees: a review of literature. Asia Pacific Journal of Research, 6(58), 249-257.

Maslach, C., Schaufelli, W. B., & Leiter, M. P. (2001). Job burnout. Annual Review of Psychology, 52(1), 397-422. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.psych.52.1.397

McGrath, J. E. (1976). Stress and behavior in organizations. In M. D. Dunette (Ed.), Handbook of industrial and organizational psychology (pp. 1351–1395). Rand McNally.

Nowrouzi, B., Nguyen, C., Casole, J., & Nowrouzi-Kia, B. (2017). Occupational stress: A comprehensive review of the top 50 annual and lifetime cited articles. Workplace Health and Safety, 65(5), 197-209. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2165079916666300

Organización Internacional del Trabajo. (2016). Estrés en el trabalho: Un recto colectivo. OIT.

Padkapayeva, K., Gilbert-Ouimet, M., Bielecky, A., Ibrahim, S., Mustard, C., Brisson, C., & Smith, P. (2018). Gender/Sex Differences in the Relationship between Psychosocial Work Exposures and Work and Life Stress. Annals of Work Exposures and Health, 62(4):416-425. https://doi.org/10.1093/annweh/wxy014

Palazzo, L. S., Carlotto, M. S., & Aerts, D. R. G. C. (2012). Síndrome de Burnout: Estudo de base populacional com servidores do setor público. Revista de Saúde Pública, 46(6),1066-1073. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0034-89102013005000004

Paschoal, T., & Tamayo, A. (2004). Validação da escala de estresse no trabalho. Estudos de Psicologia, 9(1), 45-52. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1413-294X2004000100006

Pereira, L. Z., Braga, C. D., & Marques, A. L. (2014). Estresse no trabalho: Um desafio para os gestores das organizações brasileiras. Revista de Gestão, 21(3), 401-413. https://doi.org/10.5700/rege537

Rahmadani, V. G., Schaufeli, W. B., Stouten, J., Zhang, Z., & Zulkarnain, Z. (2020). Engaging leadership and its implication for work engagement and job outcomes at the individual and team level: A multi-level longitudinal study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(3),1-21. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17030776

Rezende, F. C. (2009). Desafios gerenciais para a reconfiguração da administração burocrática brasileira. Sociologias, 11(21), 344-365. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1517-45222009000100014

Schaufeli, W. B. (2013). Whats is engagement? In C. Truss, R. Delbridge, K. Alfes, A. Shantz, & E. Soane (Eds.), Employee Engagement in Theory and Practice (pp. 15–35). https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203076965

Sonnentag, S., & Fritz, C. (2015). Recovery from job stress: The stressor-detachment model as an integrative framework. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 36(S1), S72-S103.

Stoker, J. I., Lammers, J., & Garretsen, H. (2021). Leading and working from home in times of COVID-19: On the perceived changes in leadership behaviors. Journal of Leadership & Organizational Studies,29(2), 208–218. https://doi.org/10.1177/15480518211007452

Tetrick, L. E., & Winslow, C. J. (2015). Workplace stress management interventions and health promotion. Annual Review of Organizational Psychology and Organizational Behavior, 2, 583–603. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-orgpsych-032414-111341

Turner, S. P. (1979). The concept of face validity. Quality and Quantity, 13, 85-90.

Zhao, J., Li, X., & Shields, J. (2019). Managing job burnout: The effects of emotion-regulation ability, emotional labor, and positive and negative affect at work. International Journal of Stress Management, 26(3), 315-320. https://doi.org/10.1037/str0000101

Published

2023-09-29

How to Cite

LOBO, S. T. de A.; PASCHOAL, T.; FOGAÇA, N.; FERREIRA, R. R. Stress at Work for Public Sector Managers. Journal of Administrative Sciences, [S. l.], v. 29, 2023. DOI: 10.5020/2318-0722.2023.29.e13222. Disponível em: https://ojs.unifor.br/rca/article/view/13222. Acesso em: 3 jul. 2024.

Issue

Section

Artigos