Redes Sociales Emprendedoras y Effectuation: Una Revisión Sistemática de la Literatura
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5020/2318-0722.2025.31.e17306Palabras clave:
emprendimiento, redes sociales emprendedoras, effectuation, effectual networksResumen
El objetivo de esta investigación es examinar las relaciones entre las redes sociales emprendedoras y la lógica effectuation. Para ello, se realizó una Revisión Sistemática de la Literatura (RSL), siguiendo las directrices de la Cochrane Collaboration (Kitchenham & Charters, 2009). Las búsquedas se llevaron a cabo en el Portal de Periódicos Capes, utilizando los términos social networks y effectuation. Se encontraron 163 referencias potencialmente relevantes y, después de las etapas de selección, se eligieron 21 artículos para componer la muestra. Estos fueron analizados con la ayuda de programas informáticos como Litmaps® y Bibliometrix®; posteriormente, se realizó una síntesis de los principales resultados, contribuciones y lagunas. Los resultados evidenciaron que los artículos sobre redes sociales emprendedoras y lógica effectuation son recientes, pues la mayoría fue publicada entre 2019 y 2024. Además, los artículos que componen la muestra de esta RSL procuraron desarrollar una teoría acerca del proceso de formación de las redes, exploraron los elementos presentes en la red social emprendedora e investigaron la actuación de las redes en pequeñas empresas, en mercados emergentes, en el proceso de internacionalización de las empresas, entre otros contextos. La RSL identificó lagunas científicas que deben explorarse en futuras investigaciones: ausencia de madurez conceptual y empírica sobre el surgimiento y la estructuración de las redes desde la perspectiva de la effectuation; coexistencia de características de los enfoques effectuation y causation; comprensión de cómo la integración en redes promueve el acceso a recursos emprendedores y de cómo influye en la toma de decisiones; y, por último, realización de estudios longitudinales y mixtos en mercados emergentes.
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