Characterization of pulmonary infections in the late postoperative period of kidney transplantation: an integrative review

Authors

  • Camila Tibiriça da Silva Borges Universidade Estadual de Campinas
  • Vinícius Augusto Travassos Universidade Estadual de Campinas
  • Luciana Castilho de Figueiredo Universidade Estadual de Campinas
  • Desanka Dragosavac Universidade Estadual de Campinas
  • Daniela Cristina dos Santos Faez Universidade Estadual de Campinas
  • Ana Isabela Morsh Passos UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DE CAMPINAS

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.5020/18061230.2016.p107

Keywords:

Hospitalization, Kidney Transplantation, Respiratory Tract Infections.

Abstract

Objective: The aim of this study was to characterize the nature and frequency of pulmonary infections in late post-kidney transplant adult recipients. Methods: A bibliographic review was conducted in the following electronic databases: PubMed, SciELO and Web of Science. The study eligibility criteria were articles published between the years 2010 and 2015, in English, Portuguese or Spanish, comprising clinical trials, randomized or not, case-control studies, cohort studies, and longitudinal studies in humans. Articles whose research subjects were aged under 18 years were excluded, as well as repeated articles, which appeared in more than one of the databases. The keywords used and combined in the research were: pneumonia, lung infection, infection, kidney transplantation, hospitalization. Results: The most common etiological agents are Pneumocystis jirovecii, Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Aspergillus fumigatus. Pulmonary infections are, in a large number, due to the immunosuppressive regimen, extensive length of time on hemodialysis, graft dysfunction and interhuman transmission. Often, such infections evolve with progressive dyspnea and acute respiratory failure, thus requiring invasive or non-invasive mechanical ventilation. Conclusion: The evidences point out a high prevalence of pulmonary infections in kidney transplant recipients.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Author Biographies

Camila Tibiriça da Silva Borges, Universidade Estadual de Campinas

Fisioterapeuta. Aluna do curso de Aprimoramento em Fisioterapia em UTI Adulto da Unicamp.

Vinícius Augusto Travassos, Universidade Estadual de Campinas

Fisioterapeuta. Aluno do curso de Aprimoramento em Fisioterapia em UTI Adulto da Unicamp.

Luciana Castilho de Figueiredo, Universidade Estadual de Campinas

Chefe do Serviço de Fisioterapia da UTI Adulto do HC/unicamp.

Desanka Dragosavac, Universidade Estadual de Campinas

Departamento de Cirurgia. Diretora Médica da UTI Adulto do HC/Unicamp.

Daniela Cristina dos Santos Faez, Universidade Estadual de Campinas

Fisioterapeuta da UTI Adulto do HC/unicamp. Especialista em Fisioterapia em UTI Adulto.

Ana Isabela Morsh Passos, UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DE CAMPINAS

Fisioterapeuta do HC/Unicamp. Especialista em Fisioterapia Respiratória e Cardiovascular. Especialista em Fisioterapia em UTI Adulto. Mestre em Clínica Médica.

References

Associação Brasileira de Transplante de Órgãos – ABTO. Registro Brasileiro de Transplantes – RBT [Internet]. São Paulo; 2015 [acesso em 2015 Out 20]. Disponível em: http://www.abto.org.br/abtov03/ Upload/file/RBT/2015/rbt2015-1sem-lib2907.pdf

Carvalho MA, Freitas FGR, Silva HT Junior, Bafi AT, Machado FR, Pestana JOM. Mortality predictors in renal transplant recipients with severe sepsis and septic shock. PloS One. 2014;9(11):1-10.

Ewert R, Opitz C, Wensel R, Dandel M, Mutze S, Reinke P. Abnormalities of pulmonary diffusion capacity in long-term survivors after kidney transplantation. Chest. 2002;122(2):639-44.

De Gasperi A, Feltracco P, Ceravola E, Mazza E. Pulmonary complications in patients receiving a solidorgan transplant. Curr Opin Crit Care. 2014; 20(40):411-9.

Brunot V, Pernin V, Chartier C, Garrigue V, Vetromile F, Szwarc I, et al. An epidemic of pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia in a renal transplantation center: role of t-cell lymphopenia. Transplant Proc. 2012;44(9):2818-20.

.Le Gal S, Damiani C, Rouillé A, Grall A, Tréguer L,Virmaux M, et al. A cluster of pneumocystis infections among renal transplant recipients: molecular evidence of colonized patients as potential infectious sources of pneumocystis jirovecii. Clin Infect Dis. 2012;54(7):62-71.

Pliquett RU, Asbe-Vollkopf A, Hauser PM, Presti LL, Hunfeld KP, Berger A, et al. A pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia outbreak in a single kidney-transplant center: role of cytomegalovirus co-infection. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 2012;31(9):2429-37.

Yang CY, Shih CJ, Yang WC, Lin CC. Aggressive immunosuppressant reduction and long-term rejection risk in renal transplant recipients with pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia. Exp Clin Transplant. 2012;10(4):344-9.

Tu GW, Ju MJ, Xu M, Rong RM, He YZ, Xue ZG, et al. Combination of caspofungin and low-dose trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole for the treatment of severe pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia in renal transplant recipients. Nephrology (Carlton). 2013;18(1):736-42.

Chen G, Zhang Z, Gu J, Qiu J, Wang C, Kung R, et al. Incidence and risk factors for pulmonarymycosis in kidney transplantation. Transplant Proc. 2010;42(10):4094-8.

Song T, Wei LP, Chen WJ, Liu P, Mai WW, Li ZZ. Imaging characteristics of pneumocystis pneumonia after renal transplantation. Ren Fail. 2010;32(1):78-84.

Perez-Ordoño L, Hoyo I, Sanclemente G, Ricart MJ, Cofan F, Perez-Villa F, et al. Late-onset Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia in solid organ transplant recipients. Transpl Infect Dis. 2014;16(2):324-8.

Phipps LM, Chen SCA, Kable K, Halliday CL, Firacative C, Meyer W, et al. Nosocomial pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia: lessons from a cluster in kidney transplant recipients. Transplantation. 2011;92(12):1327-34.

Hoyo I, Sanclemente G, Cervera C, Cofán F, Ricart MJ, Perez-Villa F. Opportunistic pulmonary infections in solid organ transplant recipients. Transplant Proc. 2012;44(9):2673-5.

Rostved AA, Sassi M, Kurtzhals JAL, Sørensen SS, Rasmussen A, Ross C, et al. Outbreak of pneumocystis pneumonia in renal and liver transplant patients caused by genotypically distinct strains of pneumocystis jirovecii. Transplantation. 2013;96(9):1-19.

Boer MGJ, Fijter JW, Kroon FP. Outbreaks and clustering of pneumocystis pneumonia in kidney transplant recipients: a systematic review. Med Mycol. 2011;49(7):673-80.

Iqbal MAH, Lim SK, Ng KP, Tan LP, Chong YB, Keng TC. Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia 13 years post renal transplant following a recurrent cytomegalovirus infection. Transpl Infect Dis. 2012;14(4):23-6.

Fritzsche C, Riebold D, Fuehrer A, Mitzner A, Klammt S, Mueller-Hilke B, et al. Pneumocystis jirovecii colonization among renal transplant recipients. Asia Pac Soc Nephrol. 2013;18(5):382-7.

Leth S, Jensen-Fangel S, Østergaard L, Rostved AA, Jespersen B, Søgaard OS. Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia in patients with end-stage renal disease: a comparison with the general population. Scand J Infect Dis. 2014;46(10):704-11.

De Castro N, Xu F, Porcher R, Pavie J, Molina JM, Peraldi MN. Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia in renal transplant recipients occurring after discontinuation of prophylaxis: a case–control study. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2010;16(9):1375-7.

Dizdar OS, Ersoy A, Akalin H. Pneumonia after kidney transplant: incidence, risk factors, and mortality. Exp Clin Transplant. 2014;12(3):205-11.

Ramalho J, Marques IDB, Aguirre AR, Pierrotti LC, Paula FJ, Nahas Wc, et al. Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia with an atypical granulomatous response after kidney transplantation. Transpl Infect Dis. 2014;16(2):315-9.

Maruschke M, Riebold D, Holtfreter MC, Sombetzki M, Mitzner S, Loebermann M, et al. Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) and Pneumocystis jirovecii carriage in renal transplantation patients: a single-centre experience. Wien Klin Wochenschr. 2014;126(23-24):762-6.

Borstnar S, Lindic J, Tomazic J, Kandus A, Pikelj A, Prah J, et al. Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia in renal transplant recipients: a national center experience. Transplant Proc. 2013;45(4):1614-7.

Metan G, Bozkurt I, Koc AN. Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia (PCP) misdiagnosed as pandemic influenza H1N1 in a renal transplant patient. Infez Med. 2011;19(3):182-4.

Struijk GH, Gijsen AF, Yong SL, Zwinderman AH, Geerlings SE, Lettinga KD, et al. Risk of pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia in patients long after renal transplantation. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2011; 26(10):3391-8.

Boer MGJ, Kroon FP, le Cessie S, Fijter JW, van Dissel JT. Risk factors for Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia in kidney transplant recipients and appraisal of strategies for selective use of chemoprophylaxis. Transpl Infect Dis. 2011;13(6):559-69.

Eitner F, Hauser IA, Rettkowski O, Rath T, Lopau K, Pliquett RU, et al. Risk factors for Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia (PcP) in renal transplant recipients. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2011;26(6):2013-7.

Bige N, Zafrani L, Lambert J, Peraldi MN, Snanoudj R, Reuter D, et al. Severe infections requiring intensive care unit admission in kidney transplant recipients: impact on graft outcome. Transpl Infect Dis. 2014;16(4):588-96.

Bento C, Martins LS, Almeida M, Pedroso S, Dias L, Henriques AC, et al. A diagnosis not to forget in a long -term kidney transplant - pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia. Port J Nephrol Hypert. 2014;28(3):260-4.

Chen CH, Shu KH, Ho HC, Cheng SB, Lin CC, Wei HJ, et al. A nationwide population-based study of the risk of tuberculosis in different solid organ transplantations in Taiwan. Transplant Proc. 2014;46(4):1032-5.

Eyüboğlu FÖ, Küpeli E, Bozbaş ŞS, Özen ZE, Akkurt ES, Aydoğan C, et al. Evaluation of pulmonaryinfections in solid organ transplant patients: 12 years of experience. Transplant Proc. 2013;45(10):3458-61.

Boubaker K, Gargah T, Abderrahim E, Abdallah TB, Kheder A. Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection following kidney transplantation. Biomed Res Int. 2013:1-9.

Kupeli E, Ulubay G, Colak T, Ozdemirel TS, Ozyurek BA, Akcay S, et al. Pulmonary complications in renal recipients after transplantation. Transplant Proc. 2011;43(2):551-3.

Higuita LMS, Nieto-Ríos JF, Daguer-Gonzalez S, Ocampo-Kohn C, Aristizabal-Alzate A, Velez- Echeverri C, et al. Tuberculose em pacientes transplantados renais: experiência de um único centro em Medellín-Colômbia, 2005-2013. J Bras Nefrol. 2014;36(4):512-8.

Ersan S, Celik A, Atila K, Sifil AA, Cavdar C, Soylu A, et al. Tuberculosis in renal transplant recipients. Ren Fail. 2011;33(8):753–57.

Nasim A, Baqi S, Zeeshan SM, Aziz T. Chronic necrotizing pulmonary aspergillosis in a renal transplant recipient. J Pak Med Assoc. 2011;61(12):1242-4.

Hoyo I, Linares L, Cervera C, Almela M, Marcos MA, Sanclemente G, et al. Epidemiology of pneumonia in kidney transplantation. Transplant Proc. 2010;42(8):2938-40.

Hoyo I, Sanclemente G, Puig de la Bellacasa J, Cofán F, Ricard MJ, Cardona M, et al. Epidemiology, clinical characteristics, and outcome of invasive aspergillosis in renal transplant patients. Transpl Infect Dis. 2014; 16(6):951-7.

Moloudi E, Massa E, Geogiadou E, Iosifidis E, Katsika E, Rembelakos G, et al. Infections related to renal transplantation requiring intensive care admission: a 20-year study. Transplant Proc. 2012;44(9):2721-3.

Encarnación AA, Arias LF, Cataño JC. Conferencia clínico-patológica (CPC): trasplantado renal com nódulos pulmonares. Iatreia. 2012;25(4):398-407.

Rizza V, Coletti G, Grimaldi A, Clemente K, Di Cocco P, D’Angelo M, et al. A rare case of herpes simplex type 1 bronchopneumonia associated with cardiomegaly in renal transplantation. Transplant Proc. 2011;43(4):1210-2.

Canet E, Osman D, Lambert J, Guitton C, Heng AE, Argaud L, et al. Acute respiratory failure in kidney transplant recipients: a multicenter study. Crit Care. 2011;15(2):1-10.

Kute VB, Patel MP, Patil SB, Shah PR, Vanikar AV, Gumber MR et al. Bronchiolitis obliterans organizing pneumonia (BOOP) after renal transplantation. Int Urol Nephrol. 2013;45(5):1517-21.

Jiang T, Xue F, Zheng X, Yu H, Tao XF, Xiao XS, et al. Clinical data and CT findings of pulmonary infection caused by different pathogens after kidney transplantation. Eur J Radiol. 2012;81(30):1347-52.

Tu G, Ju M, Zheng Y, Xu M, Rong R, Zhu D, et al. Early- and late-onset severe pneumonia after renal transplantation. Int J Clin Exp Med. 2015;8(1):1324- 32.

Jabbar Z, Han TM, Gagan F. Expect the unexpected: pleuro-pulmonary melioidosis in a renal transplant recipient. Transpl Infect Dis. 2013;15(1):40-3.

Valdez-Ortiz R, Sifuentes-Osornio J, Morales- Buenrostro LE, Ayala-Palma H, Dehesa-López E, Alberú J et al. Risk factors for infections requiring hospitalization in renal transplant recipients: a cohort study. Int J Infect Dis. 2011;15(3):188-96.

Shih CJ, Tarng DC, Yang WC, Yang CY. Immunosuppressant dose reduction and long-term rejection risk in renal transplant recipients with severe bacterial pneumonia. Singapore Med J. 2014;55(7):372-7.

He Q, Chen X, Lin B, Qu L, Wu J, Chen J. Late onset pulmonary lophomonas blattarum infection in renal transplantation: a report of two cases. Intern Med. 2011; 50(9):1039-43.

Cunha BA, Syed U, Mickail N. Renal transplant with bronchiolitis obliterans organizing pneumonia (BOOP) attributable to tacrolimus and herpes simplex virus (HSV) pneumonia. Heart Lung. 2012;41(3):310-5.

Gainer SM, Patel SJ, Seethamraju H, Moore LW, Knight RJ, Gaber AO. Increased mortality of solid organ transplant recipients with H1N1 infection: a single center experience. Clin Transplant. 2012;26(4):229-37.

Subramanian AK, Morris MI. Mycobacterium tuberculosis infections in solid organ transplantation. Am J Transplant. 2013;13 Suppl 4:68-76.

Zeyneloğlu P. Respiratory complications after solid-organ transplantation. Exp Clin Transplant. 2015;13(2):115-25.

Baas MC, Struijk GH, Moes DAR, Berk IAH, Jonkers RE, Fijter JW, et al. Interstitial pneumonitis caused by everolimus: a case–cohort study in renal transplant recipients. Transpl Int. 2014;27(5):428-36.

Ou SM, Liu CJ, Teng CJ, Lin YT, Chang YS, Chiang SC et al. Impact of pulmonary and extrapulmonary tuberculosis infection in kidney transplantation: a nationwide population-based study in Taiwan. Transpl Infect Dis. 2012;14(50):502-9.

Ho TA, Rommelaere M, Coche E, Yombi JC, Kanaan N. Nontuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary infection in renal transplant recipients. Transpl Infect Dis. 2010;12(12):138-42.

Fraile P, Muñoz-Bellvis L, Cacharro LM, García- Cosmes P, Tabernero JM. Respiratory distress syndrome caused by influenza H1N1 in a patient with a simultaneous pancreas-kidney transplantation. Transplant Proc. 2013;45(9):3429-31.

Simkins J, Muggia V, Cohen HW, Minamoto GY. Carbapenem resistant klebsiella pneumoniae infections in kidney transplant recipients: a case-control study. Transpl Infect Dis. 2014:16(5):775-82.

Currie AC, Knight SR, Morris PJ. Tuberculosis in renal transplant recipients: the evidence for prophylaxis. Transplantation. 2010;90(7):695-704.

Meije Y, Piersimoni C, Torre-Cisneros J, Dilektasli AG, Aguado JM, ESCMID Study Group of Infection in Compromised Hosts. Mycobacterial infections in solid organ transplant recipients. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2014;20(Suppl 7):89-101.

Villar J, Blanco J, Campo R, Andaluz-Ojeda D, Díaz- Domínguez FJ, Muriel A, et al. Assessment of PaO2/ FiO2 for stratification of patients with moderate and severe acute respiratory distress syndrome. BMJ Open. 2015;5(3):1-8.

Fishman J. Infection in renal transplant recipients. Semin Nephrol. 2007;27(4):445-67.

Albuquerque JG, Lira ALBC, Lopes MVO. Fatores preditivos de diagnóstico de enfermagem em pacientes submetidos ao transplante renal. Rev Bras Enferm. 2010;63(1):98-103.

Filardo FA, Faresin SM, Fernandes ALG. Validade de um índice prognóstico para ocorrência de complicações pulmonares no pós-operatório de cirurgia. AMB Ver Assoc Med Bras. 2002;48(3):209-16.

Tomio D, da Silva RM. Pneumocistose. Arq Catarinenses Med. 2005;34(4);85-91. 67. Silva RF. Infecções fúngicas em imunocomprometidos. J Bras Pneumol. 2010;36(1):142-7.

Salomão R, Gonçalves AR, Caldeira M Filho, Silva E, Salomão R, Bernardo WM, et al. Diretrizes para tratamento de sepse grave/choque séptico. Rev Bras Ter Intensiva. 2011;23(2):145-57.

Silva DR, Gazzana MB, Dalcin PTR. Tuberculose grave com necessidade de internação em UTI. J Bras Pneumol. 2012;38(3):386-94.

Published

2016-05-16

How to Cite

Borges, C. T. da S., Travassos, V. A., Figueiredo, L. C. de, Dragosavac, D., Santos Faez, D. C. dos, & Passos, A. I. M. (2016). Characterization of pulmonary infections in the late postoperative period of kidney transplantation: an integrative review. Brazilian Journal in Health Promotion, 29(1), 107–116. https://doi.org/10.5020/18061230.2016.p107

Issue

Section

Articles for review