Implications of social isolation resulting from COVID-19 in families with children and adolescents with Autism

Abstract

Autistic Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a health condition whose care often requires multidisciplinary care and a well-established daily routine. Thus, social distance and isolation, changes and uncertainties associated with the COVID-19 pandemic affected the routines of children with ASD and their families. This research aimed to analyze the implications of social isolation resulting from the pandemic in families with children and adolescents with ASD. This is an analytical and cross-sectional study carried out from June to July 2020. The questionnaire with 31 questions was applied using the “Google form” tool, being answered by 90 parents of children and adolescents with ASD residing in the State of Ceará. The results showed that the main implications of isolation for these families can be grouped into three axes: family and therapeutic routine; behavioral aspects and associated conditions; and family relationships. The existence of significant changes in the family routine is highlighted, aggravating behavioral aspects and associated conditions. On the other hand, this period culminated in the strengthening of the family bond in some cases. The study reinforces the importance of public policies that establish parental support and training, without this culminating in a mere transfer of responsibility. A family unit guided by respect and acceptance, with emotionally and psychologically strengthened mothers, fathers and caregivers is an important factor in the development of people with ASD at any time, becoming crucial in periods with restricted social interaction, such as the pandemic period.