Relação entre apoio social e bem-estar subjetivo em idosos: revisão sistemática

Luiz Fellipe Dias da Rocha; Evlyn Rodrigues Oliveira; Marcia Maria Peruzzi Elia da Mota

doi:10.5020/18061230.2017.6472

Autores/as

Luiz Fellipe Dias da Rocha Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro
Evlyn Rodrigues Oliveira Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro
Marcia Maria Peruzzi Elia da Mota Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro -

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.5020/18061230.2017.6472

Palabras clave:

Anciano, Apoyo Social, Calidad de Vida.

Resumen

Objetivo: Investigar las evidencias cientificas sobre la asociación entre el apoyo social y el bienestar subjetivo de mayores. Métodos: Revisión de la literatura con la búsqueda de artículos publicados en los últimos diez años en la base de datos del Portal de Periódicos de Capes. Los descriptores utilizados fueron: social support AND well being OR life satisfaction OR positive affect OR negative affect. Se incluyeron en el estudio los artículos completos publicados en periódicos en los idiomas inglés, portugués y español que tenían el objetivo de evaluar la predicción del apoyo social en el bienestar subjetivo. Resultados: La selección inicial fue de 311 artículos. Tras el análisis y la observación de los criterios de inclusión y exclusión se quedaron diez artículos todos en el idioma inglés. En todos los estudios elegidos se encontraron asociaciones entre el apoyo social y el bienestar subjetivo. En resumen, fueron observados cuatro tipos de impactos: (a) directo y positivo; (b) directo y negativo; (c) directo y mediador; y (d) indirecto y mediado. Conclusión: Los resultados de esa revisión apuntan a que la relación entre el apoyo social y el bienestar subjetivo es, en general, positiva. Por lo tanto, la tendencia de los artículos evaluados fue que el apoyo mejora el bienestar de los mayores llevándolos a evaluar sus vidas de manera más positiva y experimentar más a los afectos agradables y menos a los afectos que no causan placer.

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