Near Miss materno como indicador de atención a salud: una revisión integrativa
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5020/18061230.2017.6121Palabras clave:
Mortalidad Materna, Near Miss Salud, Morbilidad, Salud Materno-Infantil, Complicaciones del Embarazo.Resumen
Objetivo: El objetivo fue compilar de modo resumido y descriptivo los resultados de estudios científicos sobre el Near Miss Materno. Métodos: Se realizó consulta en las bases de datos Biblioteca Científica Electrónica Online (SciELo), Literatura Latino-Americana y del Caribe (LILACS) y Literatura Internacional de Ciencias de la Salud y Biomédico (PubMed) en el periodo entre 2011 y junio de 2016 con los descriptores “maternal Near Miss” and “severe maternal morbidity” y sus representaciones en los idiomas portugués e inglés. Se incluyeron 28 publicaciones en la revisión tras la exclusión de los textos duplicados, de la lectura de los resúmenes y del análisis por instrumento validado. Resultados: Los estudios señalan determinantes clínicos directamente relacionados con la ocurrencia del Near Miss Materno. Entre ellos se destacan: el embarazo de alto riesgo; los ingresos durante el embarazo; las comorbilidades clínicas, principalmente la hipertensión grave, las infecciones y las hemorragias; los partos por cesárea; el uso de fórceps y la necesidad de admisión en la UCI. Conclusión: Los estudios señalan que además de los determinantes clínicos, los factores socioeconómicos y de asistencia están directamente relacionados con la ocurrencia del Near Miss Materno lo que le hace una herramienta viable para la evaluación de la calidad del servicio de salud y del impacto de las políticas públicas dirigidas para la mejoría de la salud materna y de la reducción de las inequidades sociales. La detección precoz y la oferta de los cuidados obstétricos de emergencia son esenciales para la disminución de las tasas del Near Miss y de la mortalidad materna.Descargas
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