Consumption of ultra-processed foods and nutritional status of children with autism spectrum disorder
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5020/18061230.2018.7986Keywords:
Autistic Disorder, Food Consumption, Nutritional Status, Children.Abstract
Objective: To analyze the consumption of ultra-processed foods among children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and its association with nutritional status. Methods: Cross-sectional study of 29 children conducted in 2017 in São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil. A semistructured questionnaire was used with parents or caregivers to obtain sociodemographic information. The nutritional status was assessed based on body mass index/age and height/age. The food consumption was assessed using a 24h recall, which was used to estimate the percentage of caloric contribution and the mean of the foods consumed according to the level of processing. Student’s t test with a significance level of 5% was used to compare the consumption of ultra-processed foods in relation to the nutritional status. Results: Overweight was observed in 55.2% (n=16) of the children and the consumption of ultra-processed foods was responsible for 28% (560 kcal/day) of caloric contribution. Overweight children consumed a higher mean percentage of ultra-processed foods than those who were not overweight (34.2% vs. 19.4%, p=0.009). Fruit consumption represented only 4.3% (74.6 kcal) of total caloric contribution and vegetables were the least consumed whole foods among children. Conclusion: Whole foods or minimally processed foods were the most consumed food among the analyzed children. However, the higher consumption of ultra-processed foods was associated with overweight in children with ASD.Downloads
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