Atividade física e estado nutricional: fator de proteção para Doenças Crônicas Não Transmissíveis (DCNT) em idosas?

Thais Reis Silva Paulo; Igor Conterato Gomes; Vanessa Ribeiro Santos; Diego Giulliano Destro Christofaro; Simone Maria Castellano; Ismael Fortes Freitas Júnior

doi:10.5020/2691

Authors

Thais Reis Silva Paulo Universidade Federal do Amazonas
Igor Conterato Gomes Universidade de São Paulo – Doutorando em Saúde Pública – USP/ SP.
Vanessa Ribeiro Santos Universidade Estadual Paulista, Campus de Rio Claro, Departamento de Educação Física, Rio Claro, SP, Brasil.
Diego Giulliano Destro Christofaro Universidade Estadual Paulista, Campus de Presidente Prudente, Departamento de Fisioterapia, Presidente Prudente, SP, Brasil.
Simone Maria Castellano Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro, Departamento de Educação Física, UFTM, Uberaba, MG, Brasil.
Ismael Fortes Freitas Júnior Universidade Estadual Paulista, Campus de Presidente Prudente, Departamento de Fisioterapia, Presidente Prudente, SP, Brasil.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.5020/2691

Keywords:

Physical activity, Chronic Disease, Women’s Health. Elderly.

Abstract

Objective: To analyze the association of regular physical activity and nutritional status with chronic noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) in elderly women. Methods: Observational and analytical cross-sectional study conducted with a convenience sample of 367 elderly women (60 and over) from the cities of Presidente Prudente, SP and Uberaba, MG, between October/2010 and August/2012. NCDs were identified using a questionnaire based on the Standard Health Questionnaire (SHQ). The International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) was used to assess the level of physical activity and anthropometric variables were used to assess the nutritional status. Statistical analysis included the chi-squared test to check for association between physical activity level, according to nutritional status, and the presence of cardiometabolic diseases, and binary logistic regression to test the magnitude of these associations. Results: There was a protective factor against hypertension in active eutrophic women (p=0.024) and sedentary eutrophic women (p=0.032) when compared to the risk group (sedentary and overweight/obesity women); however, this was not observed in physically active overweight women (p=0.734). There was a positive association between sedentary eutrophic elderly women (p=0.047) and the risk for cholesterol. None of the groups were associated with diabetes. Conclusion: Physical activity was not considered a protective factor for hypercholesterolemia, diabetes and hypertension, possibly because of reverse causality given that sedentary women started physical activity after the diagnosis of the disease, which contributed to these results. doi: 10.5020/18061230.2014.p527

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Gallon CW, Wender MCO. Estado nutricional e qualidade de vida da mulher climatérica. Rev Bras Ginecol Obstet. 2012;34(4):175-83.

Veras RP. Envelhecimento populacional contemporâneo: demandas, desafios e inovações. Ver Saúde Pública. 2009;43(3):548-54.

Ministério da Saúde (BR). Diretrizes e recomendações para o cuidado integral de doenças crônicas não transmissíveis: promoção da saúde, vigilância, prevenção e assistência. Brasília: Ministério da Saúde; 2008.

Gomes IC, Segatto AFM, Santos VR, Rosa CSC, Paulo TRS, Freitas Júnior IF. Aptidão Cardiorrespiratória e Envelhecimento como Indicadores de Risco de Obesidade. Rev Bras Cardiol. 2011;24(4):23-31.

Ferreira CCC, Peixoto MRG, Barbosa MA, Silveira EA. Prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors in elderly individuals treated in the brazilian Public Health System in Goiânia. Arq Bras Cardiol. 2010;95(5):621-8.

Regidor E, Franch J, Seguí M, Serrano R, Rodríguez- Artalejo F, Artola S. Traditional risk factors alone could not explain the excess mortality in patients with diabetes: a national cohort study of older Spanish adults. Diabetes Care. 2012;35(12):2503-9.

Healy GN, Dunstan DW, Salmon J, Shaw JE, Zimmet PZ, Owen N. Television time and continuous metabolic risk in physically active adults. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2008;40(4):639-45.

Physical Activity Guidelines Advisory Committee. Physical Activity Guidelines Advisory Committee Report 2008. [acessed on July 15 2014]. Available at: http://www.health. gov/paguidelines/committeereport.aspx

Lipschitz DA. Screening for nutritional status in the elderly. Prim Care. 1994; 21(1):55-67.

Freitas Junior IF. Padronização de Técnicas Antropométricas. São Paulo: Cultura Acadêmica; 2009.

Castoldi RC, Moret DG, Gomes IC, Paulo TRS, Oikawa S, Freitas Júnior IF. Influência da adiposidade corporal sobre a aptidão cardiorrespiratória em mulheres idosas. Rev Bras Ciência Movimento. 2010;18(4)4:34-8.

Matsudo SM, Araújo TL, Matsudo VKR, Andrade DR, Andrade EL, Oliveira LC, Braggion G. Questionário Internacional de Atividade Física (IPAQ): estudo de validade e reprodutibilidade no Brasil. Rev Bras Atividade Física Saúde. 2001;6(2):5-18.

World Health Organization- WHO. Global recommendations on physical activity for health. WHO; 2010.

Haskell WL, Lee IM, Pate RR, et al. Physical activity and public health: updated recommendation for adults from the American College of Sports Medicine and the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2007;116(9):1081-93.

Hallal PC, Victora CG, Wells JC, Lima RC. Physical inactivity: prevalence and associated variables in Brazilian adults. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2003;35(11):1894-900.

Ministério da Saúde (BR). Obesidade. Série Cadernos de Atenção Básica. Bras2009; 12:1-110. [acesso em 15 julho 2014]. Disponível em: http://nutricao.saude.gov. br/documentos/doc_obesidade.pdf.

Theodoro HMS, Rodrigues ADMS, Mendes KG, Liane RH, Paniz VMV, Olinto MTA. Reproductive characteristics and obesity in middle-aged women seen at an outpatient clinic in southern Brazil. Menopause. 2012;19(9):1022-8.

Jardim PCBV, Gondim MRSP, Monego ET, Moreira HG, Vitorino PVO, Souza WKSB, et al. Hipertensão arterial e alguns fatores de risco em uma capital brasileira. Arq Bras Cardiol. 2007;88(4):452-57.

Lobato NS, Akamine EH, Tostes RC, Carvalho MHC, Fortes ZB. Obesidade e hipertensão arterial. Rev Bras Hipertens. 2009;12(1)4-12.

Buchner DM. Physical activity and prevention of cardiovascular disease in older adults. Clin Geriatr Med. 2009;25(4):661–75.

Panagiotakos DB, Pitsavos C, Chrysohoou C, Skoumas I, Stefanadis C. Prevalence and five-year incidence (2001-2006) of cardiovascular disease risk factors in a Greek sample: the ATTICA study. Hellenic J Cardiol. 2009;50(5):388-95.

Sui X, Laditka JN, Hardin JW, Blair SN. Estimated functional capacity predicts mortality in older adults. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2007;55(12):1940-7.

Rana JS, Arsenault BJ, Despre´s JP, Cote M, Talmud PJ, Ninio EJ, et al. Inflammatory biomarkers, physical activity, waist circumference, and risk of future coronary heart disease in healthymen and women. Eur Heart J. 2011;32(3):336-44.

Cornelissen VA, Fagard RH. Effects of endurance training on blood pressure, blood pressure regulating mechanisms, and cardiovascular risk factors. Hypertension. 2005; 46(4):667–75.

Lakerveld J, Dunstan D, Bot S, Salmon J, Dekker J, Nijpels G, et al. Abdominal obesity, TV-viewing time and prospective declines in physical activity. Prev Med. 2011; 53(4-5):299-302.