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	<front>
		<journal-meta>
			<journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">rbps</journal-id>
			<journal-title-group>
				<journal-title>Revista Brasileira em Promoção da Saúde</journal-title>
				<abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">Rev. bras. promo. sau.</abbrev-journal-title>
			</journal-title-group>
			<issn pub-type="epub">1806-1230</issn>
			<publisher>
				<publisher-name>Universidade de Fortaleza</publisher-name>
			</publisher>
		</journal-meta>
		<article-meta>
			<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.5020/18061230.2025.14865</article-id>
			<article-categories>
				<subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
					<subject>ARTIGO DE REVISÃO</subject>
				</subj-group>
			</article-categories>
			<title-group>
				<article-title>Tentativas de suicídio por intoxicação exógena no Brasil, 2012-2022: uma revisão integrativa</article-title>
				<trans-title-group xml:lang="es">
					<trans-title>Intentos de suicidio por intoxicación exógena en Brasil, 2012-2022: una revisión integrativa</trans-title>
				</trans-title-group>
			</title-group>
			<contrib-group>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
					<contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0009-0007-4309-6785</contrib-id>
					<name>
						<surname>Soares</surname>
						<given-names>Alessandro Batista</given-names>
					</name>
					<role>elaboração, delineamento do estudo</role>
					<role>aquisição, análise e interpretação de dados</role>
					<role>redação e revisão do manuscrito</role>
				</contrib>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
					<contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0009-0001-7583-6748</contrib-id>
					<name>
						<surname>Caumo</surname>
						<given-names>Ana Laura Avila</given-names>
					</name>
					<role>elaboração, delineamento do estudo</role>
					<role>aquisição, análise e interpretação de dados</role>
					<role>redação e revisão do manuscrito</role>
				</contrib>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
					<contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0009-0001-6040-3720</contrib-id>
					<name>
						<surname>Fillmann</surname>
						<given-names>Gabriela Pinho</given-names>
					</name>
					<role>elaboração, delineamento do estudo</role>
					<role>aquisição, análise e interpretação de dados</role>
					<role>redação e revisão do manuscrito</role>
				</contrib>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
					<contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0009-0007-6425-7816</contrib-id>
					<name>
						<surname>Franche</surname>
						<given-names>Luísa Mostardeiro Tabajara</given-names>
					</name>
					<role>, elaboração, delineamento do estudo</role>
					<role>aquisição, análise e interpretação de dados</role>
				</contrib>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
					<contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0009-0004-1260-1628</contrib-id>
					<name>
						<surname>Tonin</surname>
						<given-names>Marina</given-names>
					</name>
					<role>elaboração, delineamento do estudo</role>
					<role>aquisição, análise e interpretação de dados</role>
					<role>redação e revisão do manuscrito</role>
				</contrib>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
					<contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0009-0000-9898-4869</contrib-id>
					<name>
						<surname>Chultz</surname>
						<given-names>Rodrigo</given-names>
					</name>
					<role>elaboração, delineamento do estudo</role>
					<role>aquisição, análise e interpretação de dados</role>
				</contrib>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
					<contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-8082-1866</contrib-id>
					<name>
						<surname>Cataldo</surname>
						<given-names>Alfredo</given-names>
						<suffix>Neto</suffix>
					</name>
					<role>elaboração, delineamento do estudo</role>
					<role>revisão do manuscrito</role>
				</contrib>
				<aff id="aff1">
					<institution content-type="original">Pontifícia Universidade Católica (PUC) - Porto Alegre - Rio Grande do Sul - Brasil</institution>
					<institution content-type="orgname">Pontifícia Universidade Católica</institution>
					<addr-line>
						<city>Porto Alegre</city>
						<state>Rio Grande do Sul</state>
					</addr-line>
					<country country="BR">Brazil</country>
				</aff>
			</contrib-group>
			<author-notes>
				<corresp id="c1">
					<label>Primeiro autor e endereço para correspondência</label> Alessandro Batista Soares Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS) Av. Ipiranga, 6690 Bairro: Partenon CEP: 90610-001 / Porto Alegre (RS) - Brasil E-mail: <email>alessandro.soares97@edu.pucrs.br</email>
				</corresp>
				<fn fn-type="coi-statement" id="fn1">
					<label>CONFLITOS DE INTERESSE</label>
					<p> Os autores declaram não ter conflitos de interesse relacionados com o presente trabalho.</p>
				</fn>
			</author-notes>
			<pub-date date-type="pub" publication-format="electronic">
				<day>18</day>
				<month>06</month>
				<year>2026</year>
			</pub-date>
			<pub-date date-type="collection" publication-format="electronic">
				<year>2026</year>
			</pub-date>
			<volume>38</volume>
			<elocation-id>e14865</elocation-id>
			<history>
				<date date-type="received">
					<day>13</day>
					<month>12</month>
					<year>2023</year>
				</date>
				<date date-type="accepted">
					<day>07</day>
					<month>04</month>
					<year>2025</year>
				</date>
			</history>
			<permissions>
				<license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xml:lang="pt">
					<license-p>Este é um artigo publicado em acesso aberto sob uma licença Creative Commons</license-p>
				</license>
			</permissions>
			<abstract>
				<title>RESUMO</title>
				<sec>
					<title>Objetivo:</title>
					<p> Revisar a literatura sobre os fatores de risco, agentes tóxicos e o perfil epidemiológico das pessoas que realizaram tentativas de suicídio por intoxicação exógena no Brasil. </p>
				</sec>
				<sec>
					<title>Método:</title>
					<p> Efetuou-se uma revisão integrativa nas bases de dados do MEDLINE, Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde, SciELO e Embase, incluindo-se estudos observacionais, em língua inglesa ou portuguesa, de pacientes que realizaram tentativa de suicídio por intoxicação exógena no Brasil, indexados entre setembro de 2012 a agosto de 2022, em pacientes com 13 anos ou superior. Foram excluídos estudos de populações não humanas, somente de grupos específicos e estudos que detivessem um período de análise anterior ao ano de 2001. A seleção final analisou 23 artigos, por meio de estatística descritiva e qualitativa, com a utilização dos programas ATLAS.ti e Microsoft Excel. </p>
				</sec>
				<sec>
					<title>Resultados: </title>
					<p>Houve predomínio dos trabalhos que analisaram somente um município (78,4%), com as principais bases de dados advindas de registros das instituições em que ocorreram as pesquisas (34,7%). As mulheres representaram a maioria das tentativas de autocídio (60%), sobretudo dos 20 a 59 anos, solteiras (48,2%), com escolaridade até o ensino fundamental (50,4%). O local de ocorrência mais frequente foi a zona urbana (84%) e os agentes tóxicos mais citados foram os medicamentos (65,2%). </p>
				</sec>
				<sec>
					<title>Conclusão:</title>
					<p> Evidenciou-se uma predileção das tentativas de autocídio no sexo feminino, em adultos jovens, com comorbidades associadas, em contextos desfavoráveis de qualidade de vida. Ainda, constatou-se que os medicamentos foram os agentes tóxicos exógenos mais utilizados.</p>
				</sec>
			</abstract>
			<trans-abstract xml:lang="es">
				<title><italic>RESUMEN</italic></title>
				<sec>
					<title><italic>Objetivo:</italic></title>
					<p><italic>Revisar la literatura sobre los factores de riesgo, los agentes tóxicos y el perfil epidemiológico de las personas que realizaron intentos de suicidio mediante intoxicación exógena en Brasil.</italic></p>
				</sec>
				<sec>
					<title><italic>Método:</italic></title>
					<p><italic>Se realizó una revisión integrativa en las bases de datos MEDLINE, Biblioteca Virtual en Salud, SciELO y Embase, incluyendo estudios observacionales, en idioma inglés o portugués, que abordaran pacientes que intentaron suicidarse mediante intoxicación exógena en Brasil, indexados entre septiembre de 2012 y agosto de 2022, en individuos de 13 años o más. Se excluyeron estudios con poblaciones no humanas, aquellos restringidos a grupos específicos y estudios cuyo periodo de análisis fuese anterior al año 2001. La selección final incluyó 23 artículos, analizados mediante estadística descriptiva y cualitativa, utilizando los programas ATLAS.ti y Microsoft Excel.</italic></p>
				</sec>
				<sec>
					<title><italic>Resultados:</italic></title>
					<p><italic>Predominaron los estudios que analizaron exclusivamente un municipio (78,4%), con fuentes de datos principalmente provenientes de registros institucionales donde se realizaron las investigaciones (34,7%). Las mujeres representaron la mayoría de los intentos de suicidio (60%), especialmente en el grupo etario de 20 a 59 años, solteras (48,2%) y con escolaridad hasta la enseñanza básica (50,4%). El lugar más frecuente de ocurrencia fue la zona urbana (84%) y los agentes tóxicos más mencionados fueron los medicamentos (65,2%).</italic></p>
				</sec>
				<sec>
					<title><italic>Conclusión:</italic></title>
					<p><italic>Se evidenció una mayor prevalencia de intentos de suicidio en mujeres adultas jóvenes, con comorbilidades asociadas y en contextos de vida desfavorables. Además, se constató que los medicamentos constituyen los principales agentes tóxicos exógenos utilizados.</italic></p>
				</sec>
			</trans-abstract>
			<kwd-group xml:lang="pt">
				<title>Descritores:</title>
				<kwd>Tentativa de Suicídio</kwd>
				<kwd>Suicídio</kwd>
				<kwd>Intoxicação</kwd>
				<kwd>Uso de Medicamentos</kwd>
			</kwd-group>
			<kwd-group xml:lang="es">
				<title>Descriptores:</title>
				<kwd>Intento de Suicidio</kwd>
				<kwd>Suicidio</kwd>
				<kwd>Intoxicación</kwd>
				<kwd>Utilización de Medicamentos</kwd>
			</kwd-group>
            <funding-group>
            <funding-statement><bold>FINANCIAMENTO:</bold> Este estudo foi financiado com fontes pessoais dos autores que participaram da elaboração e escrita do manuscrito.</funding-statement>
            </funding-group>
			<counts>
				<fig-count count="2"/>
				<table-count count="4"/>
				<equation-count count="0"/>
				<ref-count count="44"/>
			</counts>
		</article-meta>
	</front>
	<body>
		<sec sec-type="intro">
			<title>INTRODUÇÃO</title>
			<p>As tentativas de suicídio constituem um problema de saúde pública de grande relevância e de resolução não simplória, a qual apresenta por definição, segundo a Secretaria Estadual de Saúde do Rio Grande do Sul, como sendo a autoagressão com a intenção de tirar a própria vida, utilizando de um meio que o indivíduo acredite ser letal, sem resultar em óbito<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1"><sup>1</sup></xref>. Já o suicídio, mencionado também como autocídio e autoextermínio, é o ato deliberado de tirar a própria vida, com desfecho fatal<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1"><sup>1</sup></xref>.</p>
			<p>A Organização Mundial de Saúde (OMS) estima que mais de 800.000 pessoas cometam suicídio por ano, com prevalência entre jovens de 15 a 29 anos (79%) e provenientes de países de baixa renda<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B2"><sup>2</sup></xref>. Inclusive, para cada indivíduo que comete suicídio, espera-se que cinco a seis pessoas próximas à vítima sejam impactadas, tanto nos aspectos emocionais quanto econômicos<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3"><sup>3</sup></xref><sup>),(</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4"><sup>4</sup></xref>. Nesse contexto, as mulheres optam por métodos menos violentos, sendo a ingestão de drogas e de medicamentos os mais frequentes, enquanto os homens usam métodos mais violentos, como enforcamento, arma branca, arma de fogo e agrotóxicos, resultando em taxas superiores de autoextermínio consumados perante o sexo feminino<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B5"><sup>5</sup></xref>. </p>
			<p>O Brasil se encontra entre os países com taxas baixas de autocídio, no entanto, por ser um país populoso, apresenta expressivos números absolutos de suicídios, colocando-o em oitavo lugar mundial em mortes por autoextermínio<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3"><sup>3</sup></xref><sup>),(</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B5"><sup>5</sup></xref>. O suicídio, assim, envolve uma sequência de eventos que culminam em danos sociais, financeiros e psicológicos a toda sociedade<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B5"><sup>5</sup></xref>.</p>
			<p>Percebe-se que as tentativas de suicídio são muitas vezes um prelúdio para o suicídio, embora sejam pouco valorizadas perante sua dimensão. Nesse contexto, os registros sobre tentativas de suicídio são subestimados e menos transparentes que os dados sobre taxas de autoextermínio, no entanto, espera-se cerca de 20 a 30 tentativas de suicídio para cada autocídio consumado<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B6"><sup>6</sup></xref>. </p>
			<p>A prevalência de tentativas de suicídio é mais evidente em adultos jovens, do sexo feminino, estado civil solteiro, baixa escolaridade, com uso de álcool/substâncias psicoativas, portador de transtorno psiquiátrico ou condição clínica incapacitante e vítima de abuso de qualquer ordem<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4"><sup>4</sup></xref><sup>)-(</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B16"><sup>16</sup></xref>. Os meios mais utilizados para tentativas de autoextermínio são decorrentes de intoxicação, enforcamento, armas de fogo e mordedura de objeto<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B9"><sup>9</sup></xref>. A intoxicação é o modo mais recorrente, com destaque especial ao uso de medicamentos, que corresponde a taxas superiores a 58% dos casos de intoxicação, com os benzodiazepínicos, antidepressivos, ansiolíticos e anticonvulsivantes<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7"><sup>7</sup></xref><sup>),(</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B9"><sup>9</sup></xref> entre os fármacos mais utilizados. No Brasil, em 2017, esses dados corroboram com a evolução dos casos registrados de intoxicação humana por agente exógeno, em que o uso de medicamentos (27,11%) seguidos de acidentes com animais peçonhentos (15,34%) são tidos como causas recorrentes, conforme dados do Sinitox<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B17"><sup>17</sup></xref>.</p>
			<p>Além disso, a utilização desenfreada de medicamentos no Brasil representa um fator agravante, uma vez que o país é terceiro maior consumidor mundial de ansiolíticos benzodiazepínicos e o segundo em Zolpidem - um fármaco sedativo hipnótico utilizado, sobretudo, para tratamento de insônia, com potencial de causar dependência física emocional, sintomas de abstinência e alteração de desempenho em atividades diárias<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B16"><sup>16</sup></xref>. Com base nisso, percebe-se que as tentativas de suicídio com uso de fármacos são prevalentes e alicerçadas pela banalização do uso, configurando um problema de saúde pública de difícil resolução<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B16"><sup>16</sup></xref>.</p>
			<p>Assim, as tentativas de suicídio são atos graves e merecem tanta atenção quanto a consumação do autoextermínio, uma vez que os principais fatores de risco para o autocídio incluem histórico de tentativa de suicídio e transtornos mentais<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B2"><sup>2</sup></xref>. O estudo objetiva revisar à literatura sobre os fatores de risco, agentes tóxicos e o perfil epidemiológico das pessoas que realizaram tentativas de suicídio por intoxicação exógena no Brasil.</p>
		</sec>
		<sec>
			<title>MÉTODO</title>
			<p>Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa, a qual objetiva incluir e organizar divergentes estudos a respeito das tentativas de suicídio por intoxicação exógena, no Brasil, em um período de 10 anos consecutivos (2012-2022). Nesse estudo foram realizadas buscas nas bases de dados <italic>Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online</italic> (MEDLINE), via <italic>National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health</italic> (PubMed), ao Portal Regional da Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS), a Biblioteca virtual <italic>Scientific Electronic Library Online</italic> (SciELO) e a Embase, visto que são fontes de conhecimento científico de livre acesso e de impacto internacional. O presente trabalho foi realizado em Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil, 2023.</p>
			<p>As palavras-chave utilizadas, conforme os descritores em saúde, foram: “Tentativa de Suicídio”; “Suicídio”; “Intoxicação”; “Uso de Medicamentos”, e seus equivalentes em língua inglesa, sendo a estratégia de busca organizada da seguinte maneira: (Tentativa de Suicídio) OR (Suicídio) AND (Intoxicação) OR (Uso de Medicamentos). A pesquisa inicial encontrou 301 artigos, 135 da base de dados da Embase, 76 da BVS, 72 do PubMed e 18 da SciELO. Estes artigos tiveram, primeiramente, uma análise de título feita por quatro pesquisadores para, posteriormente, serem desenvolvidos os “abstracts”, os quais foram analisados por dois pesquisadores independentes, que detinham maior experiência teórica e prática em escrita científica crítica. Quando encontrada discrepância, um pesquisador adicional, selecionado por obter vasta experiência em seleção de estudos, determinava se o artigo deveria ser excluído ou não.</p>
			<p>Os estudos observacionais selecionados foram aqueles indexados entre setembro de 2012 e agosto de 2022, em língua inglesa ou portuguesa, e que abordavam o perfil epidemiológico de pacientes com 13 anos de idade ou mais, vítimas de tentativa de suicídio por meio de intoxicação exógena no Brasil. Foram excluídos estudos que abordavam populações não humanas e que analisavam somente mortalidade relacionada à tentativa de suicídio, por não condizerem com a proposta do estudo. Também, a partir do interesse de coleta de dados com foco no perfil atual das tentativas de suicido, não foram analisados estudos cujo período de análise fosse inferior a 2001. Além disso, foram descartados estudos que se tratavam somente de grupos específicos, eventos específicos, exclusivamente adolescentes, exclusivamente idosos, exclusivamente mulheres e exclusivamente homens, pois limitariam o perfil epidemiológico abordado (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="f1">Figura 1</xref>). </p>
			<p>Segundo os critérios de inclusão e exclusão, 23 artigos foram selecionados para análise, utilizando-se das estatísticas descritiva e qualitativa, por meio dos programas ATLAS.ti versão 23 e Microsoft Excel versão 365, para obtenção, organização e categorização dos resultados.</p>
			<p>Destarte, a presente revisão integrativa, por conter dados exclusivamente de textos científicos de domínio público, dispensa da apreciação do Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa, conforme assegurado pelo artigo 26 da Resolução Nº 674/2022.</p>
			<p>
				<fig id="f1">
					<label>Figura 1</label>
					<caption>
						<title>Fluxograma da seleção de artigos</title>
					</caption>
					<graphic xlink:href="1806-1230-rbps-38-e14865-gf1.png"/>
					<attrib>Fonte: Elaborada pelos autores.</attrib>
				</fig>
			</p>
		</sec>
		<sec sec-type="results">
			<title>RESULTADOS</title>
			<p>O quadro a seguir (<xref ref-type="table" rid="t1">Quadro I</xref>) foi desenvolvido pelos autores com o objetivo de categorizar os 23 estudos analisados conforme as seguintes características: autores, ano de publicação, local, delineamento e base de dados utilizadas.</p>
			<p>
				<table-wrap id="t1">
					<label>Quadro I</label>
					<caption>
						<title>Caracterização dos estudos selecionados de acordo com local, delineamento, ano de publicação de base de dados. Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil, 2023.</title>
					</caption>
					<table>
						<colgroup>
							<col/>
							<col/>
							<col/>
							<col/>
							<col/>
						</colgroup>
						<thead>
							<tr>
								<th align="justify">Título</th>
								<th align="center">Autores / Ano de Publicação</th>
								<th align="center">Local</th>
								<th align="center">Delineamento</th>
								<th align="center">Local de Base de Dados</th>
							</tr>
						</thead>
						<tbody>
							<tr>
								<td align="justify">Analysis of Factors Associated with the Risk of Suicide in a Brazilian Capital: Cross-Sectional Study <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B5"><sup>5</sup></xref>
								</td>
								<td align="center">Mendes et al. 2021</td>
								<td align="center">Recife (PE)</td>
								<td align="center">Transversal</td>
								<td align="center">SIM</td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td align="justify">Assistance related to suicidal behavior at a mobile emergency service: Sociodemographic and clinical associated factors <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B18"><sup>18</sup></xref>
								</td>
								<td align="center">Ferreira et al. 2019</td>
								<td align="center">São Paulo (SP)</td>
								<td align="center">Quantitativo e transversal</td>
								<td align="center">Prontuários SAMU</td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td align="justify">Clinical Features, Psychiatric Assessment, and Longitudinal Outcome of Suicide Attempters Admitted to a Tertiary Emergency Hospital <sup>(</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B11"><sup>11</sup></xref>
								</td>
								<td align="center">Ferreira et al. 2016</td>
								<td align="center">Ribeirão Preto (SP)</td>
								<td align="center">Coorte retrospectiva</td>
								<td align="center">Hospital de emergência de Ribeirão Preto</td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td align="justify">Different toxic agents used in suicide attempts in Recife <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B19"><sup>19</sup></xref>
								</td>
								<td align="center">Pires et al. 2017</td>
								<td align="center">Recife (PE)</td>
								<td align="center">Quantitativo, descritivo e transversal</td>
								<td align="center">Hospital da Restauração e CEATOX</td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td align="justify">Epidemiological Profile of Suicide Attempts and Deaths in a southern Brazilian City <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B33"><sup>33</sup></xref>
								</td>
								<td align="center">Ferreira et al. 2014</td>
								<td align="center">Região sul do Brasil</td>
								<td align="center">Descritivo</td>
								<td align="center">SINAN</td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td align="justify">Epidemiological profile of suicide attempts in a municipality in southwest Paraná, from 2017 to 2020 <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B20"><sup>20</sup></xref>
								</td>
								<td align="center">Biezus et al. 2022</td>
								<td align="center">Francisco Beltrão (PR)</td>
								<td align="center">Descritivo e qualitativo</td>
								<td align="center">SINAN</td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td align="justify">Hospitalizations due to self-inflicted injuries - Brazil, 2002 to 2013 <sup>(</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B21"><sup>21</sup></xref>
								</td>
								<td align="center">Monteiro et al. 2015</td>
								<td align="center">Brasil</td>
								<td align="center">Descritivo</td>
								<td align="center">SIH/SUS</td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td align="justify">Pre-hospital attendance to suicide attempts <sup>(</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B23"><sup>23</sup></xref>
								</td>
								<td align="center">Magalhães et al 2014</td>
								<td align="center">Arapiraca (AL)</td>
								<td align="center">Transversal</td>
								<td align="center">Fichas de atendimento pré-hospitalar do SAMU</td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td align="justify">Prevalence and characteristics of self-inflicted exogenous violence and intoxication: a study from a database on notifications <sup>(</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B24"><sup>24</sup></xref>
								</td>
								<td align="center">Maronezi et al 2021</td>
								<td align="center">Rio Grande do Sul (RS)</td>
								<td align="center">Transversal</td>
								<td align="center">SINAN</td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td align="justify">Profile of patients treated for attempted suicide in toxicology assistance center <sup>(</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B12"><sup>12</sup></xref>
								</td>
								<td align="center">Moreira et al. 2015</td>
								<td align="center">Fortaleza (CE)</td>
								<td align="center">Descritivo, documental e retrospectivo</td>
								<td align="center">CEATOX</td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td align="justify">Profile of patients treated for attempted suicide at a General Emergency Hospital in the state of Alagoas, Brazil <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B22"><sup>22</sup></xref>
								</td>
								<td align="center">Júnior et al. 2019</td>
								<td align="center">Maceió (AL)</td>
								<td align="center">Documental, descritivo e retrospectivo</td>
								<td align="center">Hospital Geral Dr. Oswaldo Brandão Vilela</td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td align="justify">Profile of intoxications served at the 24-hour emergency service unit <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B25"><sup>25</sup></xref>
								</td>
								<td align="center">Palma et al. 2020</td>
								<td align="center">Divinópolis (MG)</td>
								<td align="center">Quantitativo e retrospectivo</td>
								<td align="center">SIS</td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td align="justify">Risk indicators for attempted suicide for poisoning: A study case-control <sup>(</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B26"><sup>26</sup></xref>
								</td>
								<td align="center">Pires et al. 2015</td>
								<td align="center">Recife (PE)</td>
								<td align="center">Caso-controle</td>
								<td align="center">Hospital da Restauração e CEATOX</td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td align="justify">Self-inflicted violence by exogenous poisoning in an emergency service <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B27"><sup>27</sup></xref>
								</td>
								<td align="center">Veloso et al. 2017</td>
								<td align="center">Teresina (PI)</td>
								<td align="center">Analítico, epidemiológico e retrospectivo</td>
								<td align="center">SINAN</td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td align="justify">Substâncias tóxicas e tentativas e suicídios: considerações sobre acesso e medidas restritivas <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B28"><sup>28</sup></xref>
								</td>
								<td align="center">Santos et al. 2023</td>
								<td align="center">Brasil</td>
								<td align="center">Descritivo e exploratório</td>
								<td align="center">SIM e SIH/SUS</td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td align="justify">Suicide and attempts suicide by exogenous intoxication in Rio de Janeiro: Analysis of data from official health information systems, 2006-2008 <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B29"><sup>29</sup></xref>
								</td>
								<td align="center">Santos et al. 213</td>
								<td align="center">Rio de Janeiro (RJ)</td>
								<td align="center">Descritivo e exploratório</td>
								<td align="center">CCin-Niterói,SINAN e SIM</td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td align="justify">Suicide attempts and suicides in the pre-hospital care <sup>(</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B30"><sup>30</sup></xref>
								</td>
								<td align="center">Rosa et al. 2016</td>
								<td align="center">Maringá (PR)</td>
								<td align="center">Descritivo e transversal</td>
								<td align="center">SIATE</td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td align="justify">Suicide attempts by exposure to toxic agents registered in a Toxicological Information and Assistance Center in Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil, 2013 <sup>(</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B13"><sup>13</sup></xref>
								</td>
								<td align="center">Gondim et al. 2017</td>
								<td align="center">Fortaleza (CE)</td>
								<td align="center">Descritivo</td>
								<td align="center">CEATOX</td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td align="justify">Suicide attempts in an emergency hospital <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B31"><sup>31</sup></xref>
								</td>
								<td align="center">Alves et al. 2014</td>
								<td align="center">Arapiraca (AL)</td>
								<td align="center">Descritivo, quantitativo e retrospectivo</td>
								<td align="center">Unidade de emergência de Arapiraca</td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td align="justify">Suicide attempts: epidemiologic trends towards geoprocessing <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7"><sup>7</sup></xref>
								</td>
								<td align="center">Almeida et al. 2018</td>
								<td align="center">Campina Grande (PB)</td>
								<td align="center">Ecológico e exploratório</td>
								<td align="center">CEATOX</td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td align="justify">Suicide attempts notified in a teaching hospital in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, 2014-2016 <sup>(</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B14"><sup>14</sup></xref>
								</td>
								<td align="center">Grigoletto et al. 2020</td>
								<td align="center">Rio Grande do Sul (RS)</td>
								<td align="center">Descritivo, quantitativo e retrospectivo</td>
								<td align="center">Sinan</td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td align="justify">The characteristics of suicide attempts assisted by first responders: A cross-sectional epidemiological study <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B32"><sup>32</sup></xref>
								</td>
								<td align="center">Oliveira et al. 2020</td>
								<td align="center">Alagoas (AL)</td>
								<td align="center">Transversal</td>
								<td align="center">7o Grupamento de Bombeiros Militar do Estado de Alagoas</td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td align="justify">Trends in suicide attempts at an emergency department <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B9"><sup>9</sup></xref>
								</td>
								<td align="center">Alves et al. 2017</td>
								<td align="center">Arapiraca (AL)</td>
								<td align="center">Descritivo, quantitativo e retrospectivo</td>
								<td align="center">Unidade de emergência de Arapiraca</td>
							</tr>
						</tbody>
					</table>
					<table-wrap-foot>
						<fn id="TFN1">
							<p>Legenda: SIM - Sistema de Informação sobre Mortalidade; SAMU - Serviço de Atendimento Móvel de Urgência; CEATOX - Centro de Assistência Toxicológica; SINAN - Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação; SIH/SUS - Sistema de Informações Hospitalares do Sistema Único de Saúde; SIS - Sistema Integrado de Saúde; CCIN - Centro de Controle de Intoxicações; SIATE - Serviço Integrado de Atendimento ao Trauma em Emergência</p>
						</fn>
						<fn id="TFN2">
							<p>Fonte: tabela elaborada pelos autores</p>
						</fn>
					</table-wrap-foot>
				</table-wrap>
			</p>
			<sec>
				<title>Bases de Coleta de Dados</title>
				<p>Dos 23 estudos analisados, foram utilizadas 17 (73,9%) bases de dados diferentes para obter as informações referentes às tentativas de suicídio por intoxicação exógena<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B5"><sup>5</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7"><sup>7</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B9"><sup>9</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B11"><sup>11</sup></xref><sup>-</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B14"><sup>14</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B18"><sup>18</sup></xref><sup>-</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B33"><sup>33</sup></xref>. Desses, somente dois (8,6%) coletaram informações de mais de um banco de dados<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B28"><sup>28</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B29"><sup>29</sup></xref>, oito (34,7%) utilizaram dados dos registros das próprias instituições em que a pesquisa estava sendo realizada<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B9"><sup>9</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B11"><sup>11</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B19"><sup>19</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B22"><sup>22</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B23"><sup>23</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B26"><sup>26</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B31"><sup>31</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B32"><sup>32</sup></xref>, seis (26,0%) basearam-se no Sistema de Informação de Agravos (SINAN)<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B14"><sup>14</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B20"><sup>20</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B24"><sup>24</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B27"><sup>27</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B29"><sup>29</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B33"><sup>33</sup></xref>, três (13,0%) utilizaram os dados do Sistemas de Informação sobre Mortalidade (SIM)<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B5"><sup>5</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B28"><sup>28</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B29"><sup>29</sup></xref>, cinco (21,7%) analisaram os registros do sistema do Centro de Informações Toxicológicas da região em estudo<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7"><sup>7</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B12"><sup>12</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B13"><sup>13</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B19"><sup>19</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B26"><sup>26</sup></xref>, dois (8,6%) utilizaram o Sistema de Informações Hospitalares do Sistema Único de Saúde (SIH-SUS)<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B21"><sup>21</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B28"><sup>28</sup></xref> e um (4,3%) coletou os dados existentes no Sistema Integrado de Saúde (SIS)<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B25"><sup>25</sup></xref>. </p>
			</sec>
			<sec>
				<title>Período de Análise dos Estudos</title>
				<p>Em relação ao intervalo de tempo de coleta de dados e à análise apresentados pelos estudos de 23 artigos selecionados, todos apresentaram seus períodos de estudos entre as décadas de 1990 a 2020. Com base nisso, um (4,3%) artigo apresentou sua duração entre as décadas de 1990 e 2000 (entre 1998 e 2009)<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B28"><sup>28</sup></xref>, quatro (17,3%) apresentaram uma duração de estudo compreendida na década de 2000 (de 2000 a 2009)<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B11"><sup>11</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B19"><sup>19</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B26"><sup>26</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B29"><sup>29</sup></xref>, seis (26,0%) artigos tiveram seu período entre as décadas de 2000 e 2010 (entre 2000 e 2019)<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B5"><sup>5</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B9"><sup>9</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B21"><sup>21</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B27"><sup>27</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B30"><sup>30</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B32"><sup>32</sup></xref>, 11 (47,8%) apresentaram um período de tempo compreendido na década de 2010 (de 2010 a 2019)<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7"><sup>7</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B12"><sup>12</sup></xref><sup>-</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B14"><sup>14</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B18"><sup>18</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B22"><sup>22</sup></xref><sup>-</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B25"><sup>25</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B33"><sup>33</sup></xref> e, por fim, um (4,3%) artigo apresentou um período de tempo entre as décadas de 2010 a 2020 (entre 2010 e 2022)<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B20"><sup>20</sup></xref>.</p>
			</sec>
			<sec>
				<title>Tentativas de Suicídio</title>
				<p>Os estudos apresentaram bastante divergência em números absolutos, com o maior apresentando 79418 tentativas de suicídio por intoxicação exógena<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B28"><sup>28</sup></xref>, e o menor com 44 casos relatados<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B23"><sup>23</sup></xref>, conforme (<xref ref-type="table" rid="t2">Quadro II</xref>)</p>
				<p>
					<table-wrap id="t2">
						<label>Quadro II</label>
						<caption>
							<title>Caracterização dos estudos selecionados de acordo com período, número de tentativas de suicídio por intoxicação e total, sexo, faixa etária, estado civil, escolaridade e ocupação. Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil, 2023.</title>
						</caption>
						<table>
							<colgroup>
								<col/>
								<col/>
								<col/>
								<col/>
								<col/>
								<col/>
								<col/>
								<col/>
								<col/>
								<col/>
							</colgroup>
							<thead>
								<tr>
									<th align="center">Título do Artigo</th>
									<th align="center">Período</th>
									<th align="center">Tentativas de Suicídio por Intoxicação</th>
									<th align="center">Número Total de Tentativas de Suicídio</th>
									<th align="center">Sexo</th>
									<th align="center">Faixa Etária</th>
									<th align="center">Estado Civil</th>
									<th align="center">Escolaridade</th>
									<th align="center">Ocupação</th>
									<th align="center">Identificação Racial</th>
								</tr>
							</thead>
							<tbody>
								<tr>
									<td align="justify">Analysis of Factors Associated with the Risk of Suicide in a Brazilian Capital: Cross-Sectional Study<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B5"><sup>5</sup></xref>
									</td>
									<td align="center">2007 a 2017</td>
									<td align="center">3.817</td>
									<td align="center">4.495</td>
									<td align="center">Feminino: 3150 (70,1%)</td>
									<td align="center">20 a 39 anos: 2257 (50,2%)</td>
									<td align="center">Solteiro(a): 2384 (53%)</td>
									<td align="center">Não informado</td>
									<td align="center">Não informado</td>
									<td align="center">Não informado</td>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<td align="justify">Assistance related to suicidal behavior at a mobile emergency service: Sociodemographic and clinical associated factors<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B18"><sup>18</sup></xref>
									</td>
									<td align="center">2014</td>
									<td align="center">230</td>
									<td align="center">313</td>
									<td align="center">Feminino: 188 (60,1%)</td>
									<td align="center">20 a 59 anos: 233 (74,5%)</td>
									<td align="center">Não informado</td>
									<td align="center">Não informado</td>
									<td align="center">Não informado</td>
									<td align="center">Não informado</td>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<td align="justify">Risk indicators for attempted suicide for poisoning: a study case-control<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B26"><sup>26</sup></xref>
									</td>
									<td align="center">2007 a 2017</td>
									<td align="center">110</td>
									<td align="center">110</td>
									<td align="center">Feminino: 78 (70,9%)</td>
									<td align="center">Idade média: 28,9</td>
									<td align="center">Convívio marital: 44 (40%)</td>
									<td align="center">Escolaridade inferior ao fundamental completo: 45 (40,9%)</td>
									<td align="center">Não informado</td>
									<td align="center">Etnia branca ou parda: 81 (73,6%)</td>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<td align="justify">Clinical Features, Psychiatric Assessment and Longitudinal Outcome of Suicide Attempters Admitted to a Tertiary Emergency Hospital<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B11"><sup>11</sup></xref>
									</td>
									<td align="center">Janeiro de 2006 a dezembro de 2007</td>
									<td align="center">346</td>
									<td align="center">534</td>
									<td align="center">Feminino: 242 (58,7%)</td>
									<td align="center">Idade média (anos): 32,6</td>
									<td align="center">Solteiro(a): 64,8%</td>
									<td align="center">Mínimo de 8 anos de escolaridade: 81,8%</td>
									<td align="center">Desempre-gados: homens (54,7%) e mulheres (22,3%)</td>
									<td align="center">76,5% caucasianos, 23,5% de descendência africana.</td>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<td align="justify">Different toxic agents used in suicide attempts in Recife<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B19"><sup>19</sup></xref>
									</td>
									<td align="center">Dezembro de 2008 a agosto de 2009</td>
									<td align="center">77</td>
									<td align="center">110</td>
									<td align="center">Feminino: 78 (70,9%)</td>
									<td align="center">Idade média (anos): 28,9</td>
									<td align="center">Convívio marital: 44 (40%)</td>
									<td align="center">Fundamental incompleto: 45 (40,9%)</td>
									<td align="center">Não informado</td>
									<td align="center">73,0% brancos ou pardos</td>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<td align="justify">Epidemiological profile of suicide attempts in a municipality in southwest Paraná, from 2017 to 2020<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B20"><sup>20</sup></xref>
									</td>
									<td align="center">2017 a 2020</td>
									<td align="center">258</td>
									<td align="center">382</td>
									<td align="center">Feminino: 274 (71,7%)</td>
									<td align="center">8 a 17 anos: 104 (71,7%)</td>
									<td align="center">Solteiro(a): 182 (47,6%)</td>
									<td align="center">Não informado</td>
									<td align="center">Não informado</td>
									<td align="center">Brancos: 295 (77.2%). Pardos: 56 (14,7%). Outros: 31 (8.1%).</td>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<td align="justify">Hospitalizations due to self-inflicted injuries - Brazil, 2002 to 2013<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B21"><sup>21</sup></xref>
									</td>
									<td align="center">2002 a 2013</td>
									<td align="center">35.685</td>
									<td align="center">105.097</td>
									<td align="center">Masculino: 63.468 (60,4%)</td>
									<td align="center">30-39 anos (mais prevalente)</td>
									<td align="center">Não informado</td>
									<td align="center">Não informado</td>
									<td align="center">Não informado</td>
									<td align="center">Não informado</td>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<td align="justify">Profile of patients treated for attempted suicide at a General Emergency Hospital in the state of Alagoas, Brazil<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B22"><sup>22</sup></xref>
									</td>
									<td align="center">2015 a 2017</td>
									<td align="center">682</td>
									<td align="center">824</td>
									<td align="center">Masculino: 522 (63,3%)</td>
									<td align="center">15-29 anos: 413 (50,1%)</td>
									<td align="center">Não informado</td>
									<td align="center">Não informado</td>
									<td align="center">Não informado</td>
									<td align="center">Não informado</td>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<td align="justify">Pre-hospital attendance to suicide attempts<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B23"><sup>23</sup></xref>
									</td>
									<td align="center">2011</td>
									<td align="center">70</td>
									<td align="center">80</td>
									<td align="center">Feminino: 44 (55%)</td>
									<td align="center">Idade média (anos): 29,1</td>
									<td align="center">Não informado</td>
									<td align="center">Não informado</td>
									<td align="center">Não informado</td>
									<td align="center">Não informado</td>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<td align="justify">Prevalence and characteristics of self-inflicted exogenous violence and intoxication: a study from a database on notifications<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B24"><sup>24</sup></xref>
									</td>
									<td align="center">2013 a 2017</td>
									<td align="center">5.624</td>
									<td align="center">18.544</td>
									<td align="center">Feminino: 12.425 (67%)</td>
									<td align="center">30-59: 8.602 (46,4%)</td>
									<td align="center">Não informado</td>
									<td align="center">Ensino fundamental completo/incompleto: 7.355 (58,3%)</td>
									<td align="center">Não informado</td>
									<td align="center">Brancos: 15.292 (86%). Outros: 2.496 (14%).</td>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<td align="justify">Self-inflicted violence by exogenous poisoning in an emergency service<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B27"><sup>27</sup></xref>
									</td>
									<td align="center">2009 a 2014</td>
									<td align="center">163</td>
									<td align="center">277</td>
									<td align="center">Feminino: 158 (57%)</td>
									<td align="center">Até 19 anos: 66 (23,8%)</td>
									<td align="center">Não informado</td>
									<td align="center">Ensino fundamental: 145 (52,4%)</td>
									<td align="center">Em atividade: 116 (41,9%)</td>
									<td align="center">Não informado</td>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<td align="justify">Poisoning and suicide attempts and suicides: considerations on access and restrictive measures<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B28"><sup>28</sup></xref>
									</td>
									<td align="center">1998 a 2009</td>
									<td align="center">79.418</td>
									<td align="center">79.418</td>
									<td align="center">Masculino: 44.828 (56,4%)</td>
									<td align="center">20 a 29 anos: 22.112 (27,8%)</td>
									<td align="center">Não informado</td>
									<td align="center">Não informado</td>
									<td align="center">Não informado</td>
									<td align="center">Não informado</td>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<td align="justify">Suicide and attempts suicide by exogenous intoxication in Rio de Janeiro: analysis of data from official health information systems, 2006-2008<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B29"><sup>29</sup></xref>
									</td>
									<td align="center">2006 a 2008</td>
									<td align="center">907 (CCIn)</td>
									<td align="center">907 (CCIn)</td>
									<td align="center">Feminino: 618 (68,2%)</td>
									<td align="center">30 a 39 anos: 304 (34%)</td>
									<td align="center">Não informado</td>
									<td align="center">Não informado</td>
									<td align="center">Não informado</td>
									<td align="center">Não informado</td>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<td align="justify">Suicide attempts by exposure to toxic agents registered in a Toxicological Information and Assistance Center in Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil, 2013<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B13"><sup>13</sup></xref>
									</td>
									<td align="center">2013</td>
									<td align="center">409</td>
									<td align="center">409</td>
									<td align="center">Feminino: 230 (56,2%)</td>
									<td align="center">20 a 29 anos: 135 (33,3%)</td>
									<td align="center">Não informado</td>
									<td align="center">Não informado</td>
									<td align="center">Estudante: 62(19,7%) Outra: 144 (45,7%)</td>
									<td align="center">Não informado</td>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<td align="justify">Suicide attempts and suicides in the pre-hospital care<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B30"><sup>30</sup></xref>
									</td>
									<td align="center">2005 a 2012</td>
									<td align="center">44</td>
									<td align="center">257</td>
									<td align="center">Masculino: 170 (66,4%)</td>
									<td align="center">20 a 39 anos</td>
									<td align="center">Não informado</td>
									<td align="center">Não informado</td>
									<td align="center">Não informado</td>
									<td align="center">Não informado</td>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<td align="justify">Suicide attempts: epidemiologic trends towards geoprocessing<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7"><sup>7</sup></xref>
									</td>
									<td align="center">2010 a 2013</td>
									<td align="center">446</td>
									<td align="center">446</td>
									<td align="center">Feminino: 296 (66,4%)</td>
									<td align="center">30 ou menos: 278 (62,3%)</td>
									<td align="center">Não informado</td>
									<td align="center">Não informado</td>
									<td align="center">Não informado</td>
									<td align="center">Não informado</td>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<td align="justify">Suicide attempts notified in a teaching hospital in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, 2014-2016<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B14"><sup>14</sup></xref>
									</td>
									<td align="center">2014 a 2016</td>
									<td align="center">186</td>
									<td align="center">344</td>
									<td align="center">Feminino: 224 (65,1%)</td>
									<td align="center">25 a 59 anos: 234 (67,7%)</td>
									<td align="center">Solteiro(a): 147 (42,7%)</td>
									<td align="center">Ensino fundamental incompleto: 103 (29,9%) Ignorado: 117(34%)</td>
									<td align="center">Ignorado: 189 (55%)</td>
									<td align="center">Brancos: 291 (84,6%). Pretos: 24 (7%). Pardos: 22 (6,4%). Indígenas: 01 (0,3%). Ignorado: 6 (1,7%). Amarelos: 0 (0%).</td>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<td align="justify">Trends in suicide attempts at an emergency department<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B9"><sup>9</sup></xref>
									</td>
									<td align="center">2009 a 2012</td>
									<td align="center">475 (2012)</td>
									<td align="center">496 (2012)</td>
									<td align="center">Feminino: 342 (69%)</td>
									<td align="center">Idade média (anos): 28,76</td>
									<td align="center">Não informado</td>
									<td align="center">Não informado</td>
									<td align="center">Não informado</td>
									<td align="center">Não informado</td>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<td align="justify">The characteristics of suicide attempts assisted by first responders: a cross-sectional epidemiological study<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B32"><sup>32</sup></xref>
									</td>
									<td align="center">2000-2017</td>
									<td align="center">73</td>
									<td align="center">144</td>
									<td align="center">Masculino: 73 (50,7%)</td>
									<td align="center">Idade média (anos): 30,7</td>
									<td align="center">Não informado</td>
									<td align="center">Não informado</td>
									<td align="center">Não informado</td>
									<td align="center">Não informado</td>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<td align="justify">Epidemiological Profile of Suicide Attempts and Deaths in a Southern Brazilian City<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B33"><sup>33</sup></xref>
									</td>
									<td align="center">Agosto de 2010 a agosto de 2012</td>
									<td align="center">137</td>
									<td align="center">164</td>
									<td align="center">Feminino: 133 (81%)</td>
									<td align="center">30 a 40 anos: 41 (25%)</td>
									<td align="center">Casado(a) / União estável: 75 (45,7%)</td>
									<td align="center">Quinta à oitava série incompleto: 34</td>
									<td align="center">Não informado</td>
									<td align="center">Brancos: 142 (86,59%).</td>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<td align="justify">Profile of Patiens Treated for Attempted Suicide in Toxicology Assistance Cente <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B12"><sup>12</sup></xref>
									</td>
									<td align="center">2010</td>
									<td align="center">409</td>
									<td align="center">409</td>
									<td align="center">Feminino: 238 (58,2%)</td>
									<td align="center">20 a 40 anos: 257 (62,8%)</td>
									<td align="center">Não informado</td>
									<td align="center">Não informado</td>
									<td align="center">Outros: 63 (15,4%) Ignorado: 115 (28,2%)</td>
									<td align="center">Não informado</td>
								</tr>
							</tbody>
						</table>
					</table-wrap>
				</p>
			</sec>
			<sec>
				<title>Dados sociodemográficos</title>
				<p>Em relação ao sexo dos pacientes envolvidos em tentativas de suicídio, os homens representaram 39,28% e as mulheres 60,04% em todos os artigos analisados (Quadro III). Infelizmente, os dados em relação ao perfil dos pacientes envolvidos não foram coletados de forma satisfatória nos estudos selecionados. A idade de 20 a 59 anos parece prevalecer na maioria dos estudos, com algumas exceções, porém não há um padrão na classificação dos grupos de faixas etárias, o que dificulta a análise. A maioria dos pacientes não apresentavam união estável no momento das tentativas de suicídio, de modo que, pela análise dos cinco (21,7%) artigos, que explicitaram o estado civil e a partir da média aritmética, constatou-se que cerca de 48,2% das pessoas eram solteiras<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B5"><sup>5</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B11"><sup>11</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B14"><sup>14</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B20"><sup>20</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B33"><sup>33</sup></xref>. Poucos foram os artigos aqui analisados que investigaram os anos de estudo do paciente que havia realizado a tentativa, porém, utilizando os dados de seis (26,0%) artigos que abordaram anos de escolaridade, previu-se uma média aritmética de que 50,4% das pessoas apresentavam escolaridade até o ensino fundamental, demonstrando que aqueles indivíduos com ensino fundamental completo/incompleto eram mais prevalentes<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B11"><sup>11</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B14"><sup>14</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B19"><sup>19</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B24"><sup>24</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B26"><sup>26</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B27"><sup>27</sup></xref>. Ainda, observou-se em dois (8,6%) artigos o desemprego como uma variável importante, já que pelo menos 31.15% das tentativas de autoextermínio foram cometidas por pessoas desempregadas<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B9"><sup>9</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B27"><sup>27</sup></xref>. Em três (13,0%) dos artigos as estudantes compunham 20,37% da população analisada<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B14"><sup>14</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B27"><sup>27</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B29"><sup>29</sup></xref>. Apenas sete artigos (30,4%) citados nessa revisão compartilharam dados acerca da identificação racial dos pacientes envolvidos. Entre esses, houve a prevalência da raça branca, por meio do cálculo da média aritmética, em 79,64%<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B11"><sup>11</sup></xref><sup>),(</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B14"><sup>14</sup></xref><sup>), (</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B20"><sup>20</sup></xref><sup>), (</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B24"><sup>24</sup></xref><sup>), (</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B26"><sup>26</sup></xref><sup>), (</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B33"><sup>33</sup></xref>. </p>
			</sec>
			<sec>
				<title>Local de Ocorrência</title>
				<p>Dos 23 estudos, somente quatro (17,3%) analisaram o local de ocorrência das tentativas de suicídio por intoxicação<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4"><sup>4</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B12"><sup>12</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B13"><sup>13</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B14"><sup>14</sup></xref>. A maioria dos casos ocorreram na zona urbana, com o menor estudo relatando cerca 74,4%<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4"><sup>4</sup></xref><sup>)</sup> nesse meio, e com maior estudo com percentual de 94,9%<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B13"><sup>13</sup></xref>. Por fim, um (4,3%) estudo constatou a existência de <italic>hot spots</italic>, regiões específicas onde existiria um risco maior para cometer suicídio quando comparadas a outros locais<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7"><sup>7</sup></xref>. Esse mesmo artigo também concluiu que os bairros com um menor índice de qualidade de vida tinham um aumento da taxa de tentativas de suicídio, em relação à taxa de tentativas de suicídio nas regiões com condições mais elevadas<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7"><sup>7</sup></xref>.</p>
			</sec>
			<sec>
				<title>Agentes Utilizados nas Intoxicações por Tentativa de Suicídio</title>
				<p>Dos 23 artigos analisados, 15 (65,2%) especificaram o tipo de agente utilizado na intoxicação e, em todos os estudos, as medicações foram mencionadas como o principal agente<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B5"><sup>5</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7"><sup>7</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B11"><sup>11</sup></xref><sup>-</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B14"><sup>14</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B18"><sup>18</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B23"><sup>23</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B25"><sup>25</sup></xref><sup>-</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B27"><sup>27</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B29"><sup>29</sup></xref><sup>-</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B31"><sup>31</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B33"><sup>33</sup></xref>. Somente cinco (21,7%) pesquisas detalharam os tipos de medicamentos utilizados<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B5"><sup>5</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7"><sup>7</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B12"><sup>12</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B13"><sup>13</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B29"><sup>29</sup></xref>. Embora não tenham sido os únicos medicamentos mencionados, os psicofármacos foram os mais presentes nos casos de tentativas de suicídio analisadas nos cinco estudos. O segundo agente mais mencionado foram os produtos químicos (produtos de limpeza, produtos químicos industriais, produtos químicos não especificados), que apareceram em 11 (47,8%) dos artigos pesquisados<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B5"><sup>5</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7"><sup>7</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B12"><sup>12</sup></xref><sup>-</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B14"><sup>14</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B23"><sup>23</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B25"><sup>25</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B26"><sup>26</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B29"><sup>29</sup></xref><sup>-</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B31"><sup>31</sup></xref>. Drogas de abuso (drogas ilícitas, drogas psicoativas e álcool) foram identificadas como agentes em sete (30,4%) estudos<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B5"><sup>5</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7"><sup>7</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B12"><sup>12</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B13"><sup>13</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B29"><sup>29</sup></xref><sup>-</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B31"><sup>31</sup></xref>. Os agrotóxicos (domésticos e agrícolas) foram mencionados em seis (26,0%) artigos como agentes de intoxicação<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7"><sup>7</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B12"><sup>12</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B13"><sup>13</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B29"><sup>29</sup></xref><sup>-</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B31"><sup>31</sup></xref>. Os raticidas foram citados em seis (26,0%) estudos<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7"><sup>7</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B12"><sup>12</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B13"><sup>13</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B29"><sup>29</sup></xref><sup>-,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B31"><sup>31</sup></xref>, enquanto os pesticidas em quatro(17,3%)<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B12"><sup>12</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B13"><sup>13</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B29"><sup>29</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B31"><sup>31</sup></xref>. Os produtos veterinários foram mencionados em três (13,0%) pesquisas<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B5"><sup>5</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7"><sup>7</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B31"><sup>31</sup></xref>. Os cosméticos foram identificados como agentes em três (13,0%) artigos<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B5"><sup>5</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7"><sup>7</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B31"><sup>31</sup></xref>. Três (13,0%) pesquisas citaram substâncias nocivas/biológicas não identificadas como meio de intoxicação<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B5"><sup>5</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7"><sup>7</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B31"><sup>31</sup></xref>. Os agentes menos citados foram os alimentos, mencionados em dois (8,6%) artigos. Os metais foram identificados em um artigo e os produtos de higiene também foram identificados somente por um (4,3%) artigo. Em seis (26,0%) dos artigos selecionados, em média 64% das tentativas de suicídio por intoxicação exógena foram realizadas com medicamentos<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B19"><sup>19</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B22"><sup>22</sup></xref><sup>-</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B25"><sup>25</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B27"><sup>27</sup></xref>.</p>
			</sec>
		</sec>
		<sec sec-type="discussion">
			<title>DISCUSSÃO</title>
			<p>O estudo das tentativas de suicídio é um desafio para os pesquisadores devido à dificuldade de reconhecimento dos casos não letais como tentativas, visto que muitos pacientes optam por não procurar os serviços de saúde, possivelmente motivados por medo e vergonha. Muitos pacientes internalizam a crença social de que o diagnóstico de um transtorno psiquiátrico é sinônimo de fraqueza de caráter, causando vergonha e negação dos próprios sintomas<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B38"><sup>38</sup></xref>. </p>
			<p>O estigma relacionado aos pacientes psiquiátricos não exclui os profissionais da saúde. Um estudo realizado em 2021 mostrou que 40% dos médicos entrevistados acreditavam que um médico com histórico de depressão e ansiedade é menos competente e 47% relataram menor probabilidade de recomendar um colega com histórico psiquiátrico prévio<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B39"><sup>39</sup></xref>. Esses pacientes são vistos pela população geral e pelos profissionais da saúde como imprevisíveis, agressivos e difíceis<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B40"><sup>40</sup></xref>. Pesquisas comprovam que o estigma causa maior prejuízo do que somente a não notificação de tentativas de suicídio, comprometendo até mesmo o tratamento médico que os pacientes recebem. Segundo artigo publicado em 2012, médicos têm uma menor probabilidade de referenciar pacientes com transtornos mentais para realização de mamografia, para internação por crise diabética e para cateterização cardíaca, quando comparado com o restante da população<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B40"><sup>40</sup></xref>. </p>
			<p>Além disso, a ausência de padronização das notificações de tentativas de suicídio forma uma lacuna no estudo do perfil epidemiológico dos pacientes envolvidos, visto que poucos dados são coletados em cada notificação, bem como há grande divergência na forma como cada banco de dados estrutura suas análises. Notadamente, e devido a tais dificuldades, o estabelecimento do perfil dos pacientes envolvidos é prejudicado, possibilitando interpretações errôneas e impedindo o estabelecimento de medidas de prevenção específicas e direcionadas aos pacientes de maior risco. </p>
			<p>Nesta revisão, os artigos selecionados englobaram dados coletados em cinco diferentes bases de dados (SINAN, SIM, SIH-SUS, SIS e sistema do centro de informações toxicológicas de cada região). Cada banco de dados expunha informações diferentes sobre cada notificação de suicídio, o que foi uma barreira na interpretação dos dados deste estudo.</p>
			<p>Percebe-se uma predominância das mulheres entre os pacientes atendidos por tentativa de suicídio<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B5"><sup>5</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7"><sup>7</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B11"><sup>11</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B14"><sup>14</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B18"><sup>18</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B19"><sup>19</sup></xref>. A presença de um maior número de tentativas de suicídio por mulheres é um padrão bem estabelecido na literatura e que foi replicado neste estudo. Esse dado pode estar relacionado a disparidades de gênero e seus efeitos na saúde mental daqueles afetados. A vivência em um ambiente dominado pelo machismo estrutural pode representar um agravante a tentativas de suicídio por parte das mulheres, principalmente devido a dificuldades relacionadas à percepção da mulher como responsável pelo cuidado da casa e dos filhos - apesar do aumento da sua presença no mercado de trabalho -, violência sexual em diferentes graus e disparidade de salários entre gêneros. Essa vitimização cumulativa está relacionada a um aumento na ideação suicida em mulheres, o que não é visto em homens na mesma proporção<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B41"><sup>41</sup></xref>.</p>
			<p>Somente cinco dos trabalhos analisados demonstraram uma prevalência maior em homens, os quais apresentaram quadros mais graves após as tentativas de suicídio<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B21"><sup>21</sup></xref><sup>-</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B23"><sup>23</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B28"><sup>28</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B32"><sup>32</sup></xref>. Além disso, os homens representam a maioria dos óbitos por suicídio, assim como de pacientes que tiveram de ser hospitalizados como resultado de uma tentativa de suicídio<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B34"><sup>34</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B36"><sup>36</sup></xref>. Os homens tendem a apresentar tentativas de suicídio mais violentas e que resultam em óbito com maior frequência, o que pode explicar o porquê desta divergência entre os gêneros. Além disso, nota-se que estudos que avaliaram tentativas de suicídio em pacientes internados podem ter uma maior quantidade de homens nas suas análises, pois esses culminariam em intervenção médica com maior frequência devido à intensidade da tentativa. Em 2020, homens morreram por suicídio em uma taxa quatro vezes maior do que as mulheres. Isto está relacionado ao fato de que a população masculina procura menos serviços de saúde mental do que a feminina. Esse problema pode ser parcialmente explicado pela sujeição dos homens a uma cultura de masculinidade que preza pela dominância e força, dificultando a expressão de emoções e a busca por ajuda<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B38"><sup>38</sup></xref>. </p>
			<p>A faixa etária que prevaleceu nos relatos de tentativa de suicídio foi de 20 a 30 anos, o que condiz com outros estudos realizados no passado<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B21"><sup>21</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B36"><sup>36</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B37"><sup>37</sup></xref>. É possível que os idosos tenham uma menor prevalência nesses dados, pois suas tentativas tendem a ser fatais em um maior número de casos, o que explica as altas taxas de mortalidade por suicídio nessa faixa etária, mas menor porcentagem das tentativas de suicídio registradas<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B21"><sup>21</sup></xref>. Além disso, estima-se que as internações por comportamento suicida em crianças também representam um número expressivo, embora essas não tenham sido incluídas na presente análise<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B21"><sup>21</sup></xref>.</p>
			<p>Percebe-se que o estado civil represente um importante risco para suicídio, prevalecendo nas pesquisas prévias os casos envolvendo indivíduos solteiros, divorciados e viúvos<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B34"><sup>34</sup></xref>. Esse achado pode estar relacionado ao fato de que o isolamento social está associado a um aumento do risco de suicídio. O isolamento social pode ser descrito como um estado em que contatos interpessoais e relacionamentos estão comprometidos ou são inexistentes<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B42"><sup>42</sup></xref>. Esse mesmo achado também contribui para uma maior taxa de suicídio entre indivíduos idosos, tendo em vista que o envelhecimento é acompanhado pela perda de relações interpessoais, bem como pela perda de cônjuges<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B42"><sup>42</sup></xref>.</p>
			<p>Apenas sete publicações analisaram a identificação racial como variável. Dentre esses artigos, quatro avaliaram dados relativos a estados do sul do Brasil, onde, reconhecidamente, a maioria da população se identifica como branca. Essa informação pode estar relacionada com os resultados que associam uma maior proporção autodeclarada caucasiana entre os indivíduos participantes dos estudos. Em contrapartida, merece destaque que 45,3% da população é autodeclarada como parda e 43,5% como branca, conforme o censo demográfico brasileiro de 2022<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B11"><sup>11</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B14"><sup>14</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B20"><sup>20</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B24"><sup>24</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B26"><sup>26</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B33"><sup>33</sup></xref>.</p>
			<p>Poucos foram os artigos que investigaram os anos de estudo do paciente que havia realizado a tentativa, porém previu-se uma média de 50,4% das pessoas com escolaridade até o ensino fundamental, demonstrando que aqueles indivíduos com ensino fundamental completo/incompleto eram mais prevalentes entre os pacientes<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B11"><sup>11</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B14"><sup>14</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B19"><sup>19</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B24"><sup>24</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B26"><sup>26</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B27"><sup>27</sup></xref>. Tal conclusão é corroborada em outras pesquisas que relatam um maior número de casos de tentativas de suicídio entre indivíduos com menos de 12 anos de estudo<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B37"><sup>37</sup></xref>. Esses dados podem ser explicados pelas dificuldades inerentes de classes sociais mais desfavorecidas, em que a realização do ensino superior não foi possível, ou não foi incentivada, resultando em uma menor renda, menor qualidade de vida e maior número de barreiras para acessar serviços de saúde mental e atendimento médico especializado. Contudo, há pesquisas que encontram resultados divergentes, em que níveis mais altos de educação estavam diretamente relacionados a uma maior chance de morte por suicídio do que por causas naturais<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B43"><sup>43</sup></xref>. Esses autores argumentam que indivíduos que atingiram altos níveis de educação apresentam maior expectativa de sucesso, tornando qualquer adversidade uma fonte maior de pressão social e estresse psicológico<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B43"><sup>43</sup></xref>. </p>
			<p>Somente cinco dos estudos desta revisão relataram a ocupação dos pacientes atendidos por tentativa de suicídio<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B11"><sup>11</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B13"><sup>13</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B14"><sup>14</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B27"><sup>27</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B33"><sup>33</sup></xref>. A partir da análise desses artigos, percebe-se uma maior prevalência de comportamento suicida entre desempregados, estudantes e donas de casa. O desemprego é um dos dados que tem consistentemente sido associado a maiores riscos de suicídio na literatura científica<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B35"><sup>35</sup></xref>. Assim, é ressaltada a importância de legislações trabalhistas como forma de amparar o trabalhador, impedindo condições de demissões injustas, injustificadas ou ilegais. Porém, sabe-se que grande parte da população brasileira trabalha de forma informal, sem garantia de direitos trabalhistas, o que pode amplificar ainda mais os efeitos negativos de uma demissão. A manifestação de comportamento suicida está relacionada a diferentes fatores de risco, que podem ser primários (como presença de uma condição psiquiátrica e outras doenças somáticas), secundária (situações de vida adversas e fatores psicossociais) e terciária (fatores demográficos como gênero e idade). Nesse contexto, o estresse econômico causado pelo desemprego está diretamente relacionado com ideação suicida<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B44"><sup>44</sup></xref>.</p>
			<p>Os psicofármacos foram os principais agentes utilizados pelos pacientes atendidos por tentativa de suicídio. A intoxicação exógena é o principal método envolvido nas tentativas de suicídio para ambos os sexos, sendo os medicamentos os principais agentes envolvidos, segundo relatos de pesquisas prévias<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B21"><sup>21</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B36"><sup>36</sup></xref>. Destaca-se o papel fundamental da qualidade da relação médico paciente como um fator de prevenção das tentativas de suicídio<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B36"><sup>36</sup></xref>, bem como a importância de uma avaliação minuciosa do paciente antes da prescrição de medicamentos com elevado potencial de toxicidade. Assim, percebe-se que a prescrição indiscriminada de psicofármacos pode ser um fator de risco para uma tentativa de suicídio futura, destacando-se a importância do acompanhamento em Centros de Atenção Psicossocial (CAPS) e Unidades de Saúde (US) para uso racional e individualizado de medicações, evitando-se a automedicação sem orientação médica.</p>
			<p>Ressalta-se, ainda, que somente dois artigos dos analisados incluíram dados do Brasil como um todo<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B21"><sup>21</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B28"><sup>28</sup></xref>, as demais pesquisas utilizaram os dados de um determinado estado, ou município. É importante notar que existem variações entre as taxas de comportamento suicida em diferentes regiões do Brasil, associadas aos fatores específicos de cada localidade<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B21"><sup>21</sup></xref>. Assim, moradores da área rural são populações de risco devido a uma maior exposição a pesticidas, o que se torna uma questão importante em estados como o Rio Grande do Sul, onde a agropecuária representa uma importante ocupação. No centro-oeste do país, populações indígenas apresentam maior risco como consequência da desintegração cultural, marginalização e alcoolismo<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B35"><sup>35</sup></xref>. Esses dados mostram a importância da realização de estudos regionais que busquem identificar as populações de risco específicas daquela localidade.</p>
			<p>Essa revisão, portanto, compreende a análise por base de dados como um ponto positivo, evidenciando uma predileção dos estudos em utilizarem informações somente de uma base de dados, de modo que, somente dois (8,6%) coletaram informações de mais de um banco de dados<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B28"><sup>28</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B29"><sup>29</sup></xref>, podendo induzir a resultados não tão verossímeis com a realidade por informações oriundos de centros únicos. Buscou-se a confirmação com do perfil predominante das pacientes vítimas de tentativas de autoextermínio, assim como novas informações ao analisar as lacunas de muitos trabalhos realizados. Além disso, buscaram-se visões diferentes - como por regiões, períodos e banco de dados -, colaborando para trazer dados pouco abordados sobre as visões espacial, temporal e de seleção das fontes de pesquisa para os estudos observacionais sobre tentativas de autocídio por intoxicação exógena.</p>
			<p>As limitações desta revisão devem-se ao fato de não considerar os estudos não indexados, à ausência de artigos que abordem as Regiões Centro-Oeste e Norte, que se baseiam principalmente em trabalhos da Região Nordeste, além da análise restrita a estudos focados apenas na temática das tentativas de intoxicação exógena no Brasil, e não internacionalmente. Por fim, determinados estudos, com um número pequeno de participantes selecionados, podem ser associados a grandes intervalos de confiança, o que diminui a precisão dos resultados.</p>
		</sec>
		<sec sec-type="conclusions">
			<title>CONCLUSÃO</title>
			<p>As tentativas de suicídio por intoxicação exógena no Brasil são significativas, e a compreensão dos fatores associados - como a prevalência sobre o sexo feminino, desempregados, solteiros, indivíduos de baixa escolaridade, faixa etária de adolescentes e adultos jovens - demonstra um perfil epidemiológico de maior risco. Além disso, a intoxicação representa o método mais recorrente para as tentativas de autocídio, com destaque para os medicamentos, os quais pelo seu uso banalizado e fácil acesso pela população dificultam a prevenção de tais eventos intencionais. Por fim, o entendimento da realidade brasileira, incluindo hábitos culturais, fatores estressores, grupos marginalizados e desigualdades econômicas, raciais, regionais e de gênero, é fundamental para a busca de medidas de saúde pública que visem a prevenção das tentativas de autoextermínio. É preciso que haja mais pesquisas para aprofundar essa temática, principalmente que possa detectar pequenas variações regionais e temporais, buscando sempre a prevenção de suicídios.</p>
		</sec>
	</body>
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							<surname>Pompili</surname>
							<given-names>M</given-names>
						</name>
						<name>
							<surname>Vichi</surname>
							<given-names>M</given-names>
						</name>
						<name>
							<surname>Qin</surname>
							<given-names>P</given-names>
						</name>
						<name>
							<surname>Innamorati</surname>
							<given-names>M</given-names>
						</name>
						<name>
							<surname>De Leo</surname>
							<given-names>D</given-names>
						</name>
						<name>
							<surname>Girardi</surname>
							<given-names>P</given-names>
						</name>
					</person-group>
					<article-title>Does the level of education influence completed suicide? A nationwide register study</article-title>
					<source>J Affect Disord</source>
					<year>2013</year>
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					<issue>1-3</issue>
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			<ref id="B44">
				<label>44</label>
				<mixed-citation>44. Fountoulakis KN, Savopoulos C, Apostolopoulou M, Dampali R, Zaggelidou E, Karlafti E, et al. Rate of suicide and suicide attempts and their relationship to unemployment in Thessaloniki Greece (2000-2012). J Affect Disord . 2015; 174:131-6.</mixed-citation>
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							<surname>Fountoulakis</surname>
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						</name>
						<name>
							<surname>Savopoulos</surname>
							<given-names>C</given-names>
						</name>
						<name>
							<surname>Apostolopoulou</surname>
							<given-names>M</given-names>
						</name>
						<name>
							<surname>Dampali</surname>
							<given-names>R</given-names>
						</name>
						<name>
							<surname>Zaggelidou</surname>
							<given-names>E</given-names>
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			</ref>
		</ref-list>
		<fn-group>
			<fn fn-type="supported-by" id="fn2">
				<label>FINANCIAMENTO</label>
				<p> Este estudo foi financiado com fontes pessoais dos autores que participaram da elaboração e escrita do manuscrito.</p>
			</fn>
		</fn-group>
	</back>
	<sub-article article-type="translation" id="s1" xml:lang="en">
		<front-stub>
            <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.5020/18061230.2025.14865.ING</article-id>
			<article-categories>
				<subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
					<subject>REVIEW ARTICLE</subject>
				</subj-group>
			</article-categories>
			<title-group>
				<article-title>Suicide attempts due to exogenous intoxication in Brazil, 2012-2022: an integrative review</article-title>
			</title-group>
			<contrib-group>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
					<contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0009-0007-4309-6785</contrib-id>
					<name>
						<surname>Soares</surname>
						<given-names>Alessandro Batista</given-names>
					</name>
					<role>elaboration</role>
					<role>study design</role>
					<role>acquisition, analysis, and interpretation of data</role>
					<role>writing, and revision of the manuscript</role>
				</contrib>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
					<contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0009-0001-7583-6748</contrib-id>
					<name>
						<surname>Caumo</surname>
						<given-names>Ana Laura Avila</given-names>
					</name>
					<role>elaboration</role>
					<role>study design</role>
					<role>acquisition, analysis, and interpretation of data</role>
					<role>writing, and revision of the manuscript</role>
				</contrib>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
					<contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0009-0001-6040-3720</contrib-id>
					<name>
						<surname>Fillmann</surname>
						<given-names>Gabriela Pinho</given-names>
					</name>
					<role>elaboration</role>
					<role>study design</role>
					<role>acquisition, analysis, and interpretation of data</role>
					<role>writing, and revision of the manuscript</role>
				</contrib>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
					<contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0009-0007-6425-7816</contrib-id>
					<name>
						<surname>Franche</surname>
						<given-names>Luísa Mostardeiro Tabajara</given-names>
					</name>
					<role>elaboration</role>
					<role>study design</role>
					<role>acquisition, analysis, and interpretation of data</role>
				</contrib>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
					<contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0009-0004-1260-1628</contrib-id>
					<name>
						<surname>Tonin</surname>
						<given-names>Marina</given-names>
					</name>
					<role>elaboration</role>
					<role>study design</role>
					<role>acquisition, analysis, and interpretation of data</role>
					<role>writing, and revision of the manuscript</role>
				</contrib>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
					<contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0009-0000-9898-4869</contrib-id>
					<name>
						<surname>Chultz</surname>
						<given-names>Rodrigo</given-names>
					</name>
					<role>elaboration</role>
					<role>study design</role>
					<role>acquisition, analysis, and interpretation of data</role>
				</contrib>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
					<contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-8082-1866</contrib-id>
					<name>
						<surname>Cataldo</surname>
						<given-names>Alfredo</given-names>
						<suffix>Neto</suffix>
					</name>
					<role>elaboration</role>
					<role>study design</role>
					<role>revision of the manuscript</role>
				</contrib>
				<aff id="aff2">
					<institution content-type="original">Pontifical Catholic University (Hospital São Lucas e Pontifícia Universidade Católica (PUC)) - Porto Alegre - Rio Grande do Sul - Brazil</institution>
					<institution content-type="orgname">Pontifical Catholic University</institution>
					<addr-line>
						<city>Porto Alegre</city>
						<state>Rio Grande do Sul</state>
					</addr-line>
					<country country="BR">Brazil</country>
				</aff>
			</contrib-group>
			<author-notes>
				<fn fn-type="coi-statement" id="fn3">
					<label>CONFLICTS OF INTEREST</label>
					<p> The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest related to this work.</p>
				</fn>
			</author-notes>
			<abstract>
				<title>ABSTRACT</title>
				<sec>
					<title>Objective:</title>
					<p> This study aims to review the literature on risk factors, toxic agents, and the epidemiological profile of people who have attempted suicide due to exogenous intoxication in Brazil. </p>
				</sec>
				<sec>
					<title>Method:</title>
					<p> An integrative review was carried out using the MEDLINE, Virtual Health Library, SciELO, and Embase databases, including observational studies, in English or Portuguese, of patients who had attempted suicide by exogenous intoxication in Brazil, indexed between September 2012 and August 2022, in patients aged 13 or over. Studies of non-human populations, only specific groups, and studies with an analysis period prior to 2001 were excluded. The final selection analyzed 23 articles using descriptive and qualitative statistics, using ATLAS.ti and Microsoft Excel programs. </p>
				</sec>
				<sec>
					<title>Results:</title>
					<p> There was a predominance of studies that analyzed only one municipality (78.4%), with the main databases coming from the records of the institutions where the research took place (34.7%). Women accounted for the majority of attempted self-harm (60%), especially those aged between 20 and 59, single (48.2%), with up to elementary school education (50.4%). The most frequent place of occurrence was the urban area (84%), and the most commonly cited toxic agents were medicines (65.2%). </p>
				</sec>
				<sec>
					<title>Conclusion:</title>
					<p> There was a predilection for self-harm attempts in females, young adults, with associated comorbidities, in unfavorable contexts of quality of life, and the most commonly used exogenous toxic agents were medications.</p>
				</sec>
			</abstract>
			<kwd-group xml:lang="en">
				<title>Descriptors:</title>
				<kwd>Attempted Suicide</kwd>
				<kwd>Suicide Attempt</kwd>
				<kwd>Suicide</kwd>
				<kwd>Poisoning</kwd>
				<kwd>Intoxication</kwd>
				<kwd>Drug Utilization</kwd>
			</kwd-group>
            <funding-group>
            <funding-statement><bold>FUNDING SOURCE:</bold> This study was financed from the personal sources of the authors who participated in the preparation and writing of the manuscript.</funding-statement></funding-group>
		</front-stub>
		<body>
			<sec sec-type="intro">
				<title>INTRODUCTION</title>
				<p>Suicide attempts are a public health problem of great relevance and no easy solution. According to the State Health Department of Rio Grande do Sul, suicide attempts are defined as self-harm to take one’s own life, using a means that the individual believes to be lethal, without resulting in death<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1"><sup>1</sup></xref>. Suicide, also referred to as self-cide and self-extermination, is the deliberate act of taking one’s own life, with a fatal outcome<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1"><sup>1</sup></xref>.</p>
				<p>The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that more than 800,000 people commit suicide each year, with a prevalence among young people aged 15 to 29 (79%) and from low-income countries<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B2"><sup>2</sup></xref>. In fact, for every individual who commits suicide, five to six people close to the victim are expected to be impacted, both emotionally and economically<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3"><sup>3</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4"><sup>4</sup></xref>. In this context, women opt for less violent methods, with the most frequent being the ingestion of drugs and medication. At the same time, men use more violent methods, such as hanging, knives, firearms, and pesticides, resulting in higher rates of self-extermination than women<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B5"><sup>5</sup></xref>. </p>
				<p>Brazil is among the countries with low rates of self-murder; however, as it is a populous country, it has significant absolute numbers of suicides, placing it in eighth place worldwide in deaths by self-extermination<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3"><sup>3</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B5"><sup>5</sup></xref>. Suicide, therefore, involves a sequence of events that culminate in social, financial, and psychological damage to the entire society<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B5"><sup>5</sup></xref>.</p>
				<p>It is understood that suicide attempts are often a prelude to suicide, although they are little valued given their dimension. In this context, records on suicide attempts are underestimated and less transparent than data on self-extermination rates; however, around 20 to 30 suicide attempts are expected for each completed self-cide<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B6"><sup>6</sup></xref>. </p>
				<p>The prevalence of suicide attempts is more evident in young adults, females, single, with low education, with use of alcohol/psychoactive substances, with a psychiatric disorder or disabling clinical condition, and victims of abuse of any kind<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4"><sup>4</sup></xref><sup>-</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B16"><sup>16</sup></xref>. The most commonly used methods for attempted self-extermination are poisoning, hanging, firearms, and biting objects<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B9"><sup>9</sup></xref>. Poisoning is the most common form, with special emphasis on the use of medications, which corresponds to rates higher than 58% of poisoning cases, with benzodiazepines, antidepressants, anxiolytics, and anticonvulsants<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7"><sup>7</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B9"><sup>9</sup></xref> among the most commonly used drugs. In Brazil, in 2017, these data corroborate the evolution of registered cases of human poisoning by exogenous agents, in which the use of medications (27.11%) followed by accidents with venomous animals (15.34%) are considered recurring causes, according to data from Sinitox<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B17"><sup>17</sup></xref>.</p>
				<p>Furthermore, the unbridled use of medication in Brazil represents an aggravating factor, since the country is the world’s third largest consumer of benzodiazepine anxiolytics and the second largest consumer of Zolpidem - a sedative-hypnotic drug used mainly to treat insomnia, with the potential to cause physical and emotional dependence, withdrawal symptoms and changes in performance in daily activities<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B16"><sup>16</sup></xref>. Based on this, it is clear that suicide attempts using drugs are prevalent and, based on the trivialization of use, constitute a public health problem that is difficult to resolve<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B16"><sup>16</sup></xref>.</p>
				<p>Thus, suicide attempts are serious acts and deserve as much attention as the completion of self-extermination, since the main risk factors for self-cide include a history of suicide attempts and mental disorders<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B2"><sup>2</sup></xref>. The study aims to review the literature on risk factors, toxic agents, and the epidemiological profile of people who attempted suicide by exogenous poisoning in Brazil.</p>
			</sec>
			<sec sec-type="methods">
				<title>METHOD</title>
				<p>This is an integrative review, which aims to include and organize divergent studies regarding suicide attempts by exogenous intoxication in Brazil, over 10 consecutive years (2012-2022). In this study, searches were carried out in the Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE) databases, via the National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health (PubMed), the Regional Portal of the Virtual Health Library (BVS), the Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO) virtual library and Embase, as they are sources of scientific knowledge with free access and international impact. This work was conducted in Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, 2023.</p>
				<p>The keywords used, according to the health descriptors, were: “Suicide Attempt”; “Suicide”; “Intoxication”; “Use of Medication”, and their equivalents in English, with the search strategy organized as follows: (Suicide Attempt) OR (Suicide) AND (Intoxication) OR (Use of Medication). The initial search found 301 articles, 135 from the Embase database, 76 from BVS, 72 from PubMed, and 18 from SciELO. These articles first underwent a title analysis by four researchers, then the “abstracts” were developed, which were analyzed by two independent researchers with greater theoretical and practical experience in critical scientific writing. When a discrepancy was found, an additional researcher, selected for having extensive experience in study selection, determined whether the article should be excluded or not.</p>
				<p>The selected observational studies were those indexed between September 2012 and August 2022, in English or Portuguese, and which addressed the epidemiological profile of patients aged 13 years or older, victims of attempted suicide through exogenous poisoning in Brazil. Studies that addressed non-human populations and that analyzed only mortality related to suicide attempts were excluded, as they were not in line with the study’s proposal. Also, based on the interest in collecting data focusing on the current profile of suicide attempts, studies whose analysis period was earlier than 2001 were not analyzed. Furthermore, studies that dealt only with specific groups and events, exclusively adolescents, exclusively elderly, exclusively women, and exclusively men, were discarded, as they would limit the epidemiological profile addressed (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="f2">Figure 1</xref>). </p>
				<p>According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 23 articles were selected for analysis, using descriptive and qualitative statistics, through the ATLAS.ti version 23 and Microsoft Excel version 365 programs, to obtain, organize, and categorize the results.</p>
				<p>Therefore, as it contains data exclusively from scientific texts in the public domain, this integrative review is exempt from assessment by the Research Ethics Committee, as ensured by article 26 of Resolution No. 674/2022.</p>
				<p>
					<fig id="f2">
						<label>Figure 1</label>
						<caption>
							<title>Article selection flowchart</title>
						</caption>
						<graphic xlink:href="1806-1230-rbps-38-e14865-gf2.png"/>
						<attrib>Source: Prepared by the authors.</attrib>
					</fig>
				</p>
			</sec>
			<sec sec-type="results">
				<title>RESULTS</title>
				<p>The following table (<xref ref-type="table" rid="t3">Table I</xref>) was developed by the authors, aiming to categorize the 23 studies analyzed according to the following characteristics: authors, year of publication, location, design, and database used.</p>
				<p>
					<table-wrap id="t3">
						<label>Table I</label>
						<caption>
							<title>Characterization of selected studies according to location, design, year of publication and database. Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, 2023.</title>
						</caption>
						<table>
							<colgroup>
								<col/>
								<col/>
								<col/>
								<col/>
								<col/>
							</colgroup>
							<thead>
								<tr>
									<th align="justify">Title </th>
									<th align="center">Authors / Year of Publication</th>
									<th align="center">Place </th>
									<th align="center">Design </th>
									<th align="center">Database Location</th>
								</tr>
							</thead>
							<tbody>
								<tr>
									<td align="justify">Analysis of Factors Associated with the Risk of Suicide in a Brazilian Capital: Cross-Sectional Study <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B5"><sup>5</sup></xref>
									</td>
									<td align="center">Mendes et al. 2021</td>
									<td align="center">Recife (PE)</td>
									<td align="center">Transversal</td>
									<td align="center">SIM</td>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<td align="justify">Assistance related to suicidal behavior at a mobile emergency service: Sociodemographic and clinical associated factors <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B18"><sup>18</sup></xref>
									</td>
									<td align="center">Ferreira et al. 2019</td>
									<td align="center">São Paulo (SP)</td>
									<td align="center">Quantitative e transversal</td>
									<td align="center">SAMU medical records</td>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<td align="justify">Clinical Features, Psychiatric Assessment, and Longitudinal Outcome of Suicide Attempters Admitted to a Tertiary Emergency Hospital <sup>(</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B11"><sup>11</sup></xref>
									</td>
									<td align="center">Ferreira et al. 2016</td>
									<td align="center">Ribeirão Preto (SP)</td>
									<td align="center">Retrospective cohort</td>
									<td align="center">Ribeirao Preto Emergency Hospital</td>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<td align="justify">Different toxic agents used in suicide attempts in Recife <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B19"><sup>19</sup></xref>
									</td>
									<td align="center">Pires et al. 2017</td>
									<td align="center">Recife (PE)</td>
									<td align="center">Descriptive, quantitative and transversal</td>
									<td align="center">Restoration Hospital and CEATOX</td>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<td align="justify">Epidemiological Profile of Suicide Attempts and Deaths in a southern Brazilian City <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B33"><sup>33</sup></xref>
									</td>
									<td align="center">Ferreira et al. 2014</td>
									<td align="center">Southern region of Brazil</td>
									<td align="center">Descriptive</td>
									<td align="center">SINAN</td>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<td align="justify">Epidemiological profile of suicide attempts in a municipality in southwest Paraná, from 2017 to 2020 <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B20"><sup>20</sup></xref>
									</td>
									<td align="center">Biezus et al. 2022</td>
									<td align="center">Francisco Beltrão (PR)</td>
									<td align="center">Descriptive and quantitative</td>
									<td align="center">SINAN</td>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<td align="justify">Hospitalizations due to self-inflicted injuries - Brazil, 2002 to 2013 <sup>(</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B21"><sup>21</sup></xref>
									</td>
									<td align="center">Monteiro et al. 2015</td>
									<td align="center">Brasil</td>
									<td align="center">Descriptive</td>
									<td align="center">SIH/SUS</td>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<td align="justify">Pre-hospital attendance to suicide attempts <sup>(</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B23"><sup>23</sup></xref>
									</td>
									<td align="center">Magalhães et al 2014</td>
									<td align="center">Arapiraca (AL)</td>
									<td align="center">Transversal</td>
									<td align="center">SAMU pre-hospital care records</td>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<td align="justify">Prevalence and characteristics of self-inflicted exogenous violence and intoxication: a study from a database on notifications <sup>(</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B24"><sup>24</sup></xref>
									</td>
									<td align="center">Maronezi et al 2021</td>
									<td align="center">Rio Grande do Sul (RS)</td>
									<td align="center">Transversal</td>
									<td align="center">SINAN</td>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<td align="justify">Profile of patients treated for attempted suicide in toxicology assistance center <sup>(</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B12"><sup>12</sup></xref>
									</td>
									<td align="center">Moreira et al. 2015</td>
									<td align="center">Fortaleza (CE)</td>
									<td align="center">Descriptive, documentary and retrospective</td>
									<td align="center">CEATOX</td>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<td align="justify">Profile of patients treated for attempted suicide at a General Emergency Hospital in the state of Alagoas, Brazil <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B22"><sup>22</sup></xref>
									</td>
									<td align="center">Júnior et al. 2019</td>
									<td align="center">Maceió (AL)</td>
									<td align="center">Documentary, descriptive and retrospective</td>
									<td align="center">Dr. Oswaldo Brandão Vilela General Hospital</td>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<td align="justify">Profile of intoxications served at the 24-hour emergency service unit <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B25"><sup>25</sup></xref>
									</td>
									<td align="center">Palma et al. 2020</td>
									<td align="center">Divinópolis (MG)</td>
									<td align="center">Quantitative and retrospective</td>
									<td align="center">SIS</td>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<td align="justify">Risk indicators for attempted suicide for poisoning: A study case-control <sup>(</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B26"><sup>26</sup></xref>
									</td>
									<td align="center">Pires et al. 2015</td>
									<td align="center">Recife (PE)</td>
									<td align="center">Case-control</td>
									<td align="center">Restoration Hospital and CEATOX</td>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<td align="justify">Self-inflicted violence by exogenous poisoning in an emergency service <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B27"><sup>27</sup></xref>
									</td>
									<td align="center">Veloso et al. 2017</td>
									<td align="center">Teresina (PI)</td>
									<td align="center">Analytical, epidemiological and retrospective</td>
									<td align="center">SINAN</td>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<td align="justify">Substâncias tóxicas e tentativas e suicídios: considerações sobre acesso e medidas restritivas <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B28"><sup>28</sup></xref>
									</td>
									<td align="center">Santos et al. 2023</td>
									<td align="center">Brasil</td>
									<td align="center">Descriptive and exploratory</td>
									<td align="center">SIM e SIH/SUS</td>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<td align="justify">Suicide and attempts suicide by exogenous intoxication in Rio de Janeiro: Analysis of data from official health information systems, 2006-2008 <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B29"><sup>29</sup></xref>
									</td>
									<td align="center">Santos et al. 213</td>
									<td align="center">Rio de Janeiro (RJ)</td>
									<td align="center">Descriptive and exploratory</td>
									<td align="center">CCin-Niterói,SINAN e SIM</td>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<td align="justify">Suicide attempts and suicides in the pre-hospital care <sup>(</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B30"><sup>30</sup></xref>
									</td>
									<td align="center">Rosa et al. 2016</td>
									<td align="center">Maringá (PR)</td>
									<td align="center">Descriptive and transversal</td>
									<td align="center">SIATE</td>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<td align="justify">Suicide attempts by exposure to toxic agents registered in a Toxicological Information and Assistance Center in Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil, 2013 <sup>(</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B13"><sup>13</sup></xref>
									</td>
									<td align="center">Gondim et al. 2017</td>
									<td align="center">Fortaleza (CE)</td>
									<td align="center">Descriptive</td>
									<td align="center">CEATOX</td>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<td align="justify">Suicide attempts in an emergency hospital <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B31"><sup>31</sup></xref>
									</td>
									<td align="center">Alves et al. 2014</td>
									<td align="center">Arapiraca (AL)</td>
									<td align="center">Descriptive, quantitative and retrospective</td>
									<td align="center">Arapiraca Emergency Unit</td>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<td align="justify">Suicide attempts: epidemiologic trends towards geoprocessing <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7"><sup>7</sup></xref>
									</td>
									<td align="center">Almeida et al. 2018</td>
									<td align="center">Campina Grande (PB)</td>
									<td align="center">Ecological and exploratory</td>
									<td align="center">CEATOX</td>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<td align="justify">Suicide attempts notified in a teaching hospital in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, 2014-2016 <sup>(</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B14"><sup>14</sup></xref>
									</td>
									<td align="center">Grigoletto et al. 2020</td>
									<td align="center">Rio Grande do Sul (RS)</td>
									<td align="center">Descriptive, quantitative and retrospective</td>
									<td align="center">Sinan</td>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<td align="justify">The characteristics of suicide attempts assisted by first responders: A cross-sectional epidemiological study <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B32"><sup>32</sup></xref>
									</td>
									<td align="center">Oliveira et al. 2020</td>
									<td align="center">Alagoas (AL)</td>
									<td align="center">Transversal</td>
									<td align="center">7th Military Firefighting Group of the State of Alagoas</td>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<td align="justify">Trends in suicide attempts at an emergency department<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B9"><sup>9</sup></xref>
									</td>
									<td align="center">Alves et al. 2017</td>
									<td align="center">Arapiraca (AL)</td>
									<td align="center">Descriptive, quantitative and retrospective</td>
									<td align="center">Arapiraca Emergency Unit</td>
								</tr>
							</tbody>
						</table>
						<table-wrap-foot>
							<fn id="TFN3">
								<p>Source: SIM - Mortality Information System; SAMU - Mobile Emergency Care Service; CEATOX - Toxicological Assistance Center; SINAN - Notifiable Diseases Information System; SIH/SUS - Hospital Information System of the Unified Health System; SIS - Integrated Health System; CCIN - Poison Control Center; SIATE - Integrated Emergency Trauma Care Service</p>
							</fn>
							<fn id="TFN4">
								<p>Source: table prepared by the authors</p>
							</fn>
						</table-wrap-foot>
					</table-wrap>
				</p>
				<sec>
					<title>Data Collection Bases</title>
					<p>Of the 23 studies analyzed, 17 (73.9%) different databases were used to obtain information regarding suicide attempts due to exogenous poisoning<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B5"><sup>5</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7"><sup>7</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B9"><sup>9</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B11"><sup>11</sup></xref><sup>-</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B14"><sup>14</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B18"><sup>18</sup></xref><sup>-</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B33"><sup>33</sup></xref>. Of these, only two (8.6%) collected information from more than one database<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B28"><sup>28</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B29"><sup>29</sup></xref>, eight (34.7%) used data from the records of the institutions where the research was being conducted<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B9"><sup>9</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B11"><sup>11</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B19"><sup>19</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B22"><sup>22</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B23"><sup>23</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B26"><sup>26</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B31"><sup>31</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B32"><sup>32</sup></xref>, six (26.0%) relied on the Injury Information System (SINAN)<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B14"><sup>14</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B20"><sup>20</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B24"><sup>24</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B27"><sup>27</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B29"><sup>29</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B33"><sup>33</sup></xref>, three (13.0%) used data from the Mortality Information System (SIM)<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B5"><sup>5</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B28"><sup>28</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B29"><sup>29</sup></xref>, five (21.7%) analyzed records from the Toxicology Information Center system of the region under study<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7"><sup>7</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B12"><sup>12</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B13"><sup>13</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B19"><sup>19</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B26"><sup>26</sup></xref>, two (8.6%) used the Hospital Information System of the Unified Health System (SIH-SUS)<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B21"><sup>21</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B28"><sup>28</sup></xref> and one (4.3%) collected data from the Integrated System. Health Department (SIS)<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B25"><sup>25</sup></xref>. </p>
				</sec>
				<sec>
					<title>Study Analysis Period</title>
					<p>Regarding the time interval of data collection and analysis presented by the studies of 23 selected articles, all presented their study periods between the 1990s and 2020s. Based on this, one (4.3%) article presented its duration between the 1990s and 2000s (between 1998 and 2009)<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B28"><sup>28</sup></xref>, four (17.3%) presented a study duration comprised in the 2000s (from 2000 to 2009)<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B11"><sup>11</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B19"><sup>19</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B26"><sup>26</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B29"><sup>29</sup></xref>, six (26.0%) articles had their period between the 2000s and 2010s (between 2000 and 2019)<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B5"><sup>5</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B9"><sup>9</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B21"><sup>21</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B27"><sup>27</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B30"><sup>30</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B32"><sup>32</sup></xref>, 11 (47.8%) presented a time comprised in the 2010s (from 2010 to 2019)<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7"><sup>7</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B12"><sup>12</sup></xref><sup>-</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B14"><sup>14</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B18"><sup>18</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B22"><sup>22</sup></xref><sup>-</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B25"><sup>25</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B33"><sup>33</sup></xref> and, finally, one (4.3%) article presented a period between the 2010s and 2020 (between 2010 and 2022)<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B20"><sup>20</sup></xref>.</p>
				</sec>
				<sec>
					<title>Suicide Attempts</title>
					<p>The studies showed considerable divergence in absolute numbers, with the largest presenting 79,418 suicide attempts due to exogenous poisoning<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B28"><sup>28</sup></xref>, and the smallest with 44 reported cases<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B23"><sup>23</sup></xref>, as per <xref ref-type="table" rid="t4">Table II</xref>:</p>
					<p>
						<table-wrap id="t4">
							<label>Table II</label>
							<caption>
								<title>Characterization of selected studies according to period, number of suicide attempts by poisoning and total, sex, age group, marital status, education, and occupation. Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, 2023.</title>
							</caption>
							<table>
								<colgroup>
									<col/>
									<col/>
									<col/>
									<col/>
									<col/>
									<col/>
									<col/>
									<col/>
									<col/>
									<col/>
								</colgroup>
								<thead>
									<tr>
										<th align="center">Article Title</th>
										<th align="center">Períod</th>
										<th align="center">Suicide Attempts by Poisoning</th>
										<th align="center">Total Number of Suicide Attempts</th>
										<th align="center">Gender</th>
										<th align="center">Age range</th>
										<th align="center">Marital status</th>
										<th align="center">Education</th>
										<th align="center">Occupation</th>
										<th align="center">Racial Identification</th>
									</tr>
								</thead>
								<tbody>
									<tr>
										<td align="center">Analysis of Factors Associated with the Risk of Suicide in a Brazilian Capital: Cross-Sectional Study<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B5"><sup>5</sup></xref>
										</td>
										<td align="center">2007 to 2017</td>
										<td align="center">3.817</td>
										<td align="center">4.495</td>
										<td align="center">Feminine: 3150 (70.1%)</td>
										<td align="center">20 to 39 yeard: 2257 (50.2%)</td>
										<td align="center">Single 2384 (53%)</td>
										<td align="center">Not informed</td>
										<td align="center">Not informed</td>
										<td align="center">Not informed</td>
									</tr>
									<tr>
										<td align="center">Assistance related to suicidal behavior at a mobile emergency service: Sociodemographic and clinical associated factors<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B18"><sup>18</sup></xref>
										</td>
										<td align="center">2014</td>
										<td align="center">230</td>
										<td align="center">313</td>
										<td align="center">Feminine: 188 (60.1%)</td>
										<td align="center">20 to 59 years: 233 (74.5%)</td>
										<td align="center">Not informed</td>
										<td align="center">Not informed</td>
										<td align="center">Not informed</td>
										<td align="center">Not informed</td>
									</tr>
									<tr>
										<td align="center">Risk indicators for attempted suicide for poisoning: a study case-control<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B26"><sup>26</sup></xref>
										</td>
										<td align="center">2007 to 2017</td>
										<td align="center">110</td>
										<td align="center">110</td>
										<td align="center">Feminine: 78 (70.9%)</td>
										<td align="center">Average age: 28.9</td>
										<td align="center">Marital cohabitation: 44 (40%)</td>
										<td align="center">Education level lower than complete primary school: 45 (40.9%)</td>
										<td align="center">Not informed</td>
										<td align="center">White or brown ethnicity: 81 (73.6%)</td>
									</tr>
									<tr>
										<td align="center">Clinical Features, Psychiatric Assessment and Longitudinal Outcome of Suicide Attempters Admitted to a Tertiary Emergency Hospital<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B11"><sup>11</sup></xref>
										</td>
										<td align="center">January 2006 to December 2007</td>
										<td align="center">346</td>
										<td align="center">534</td>
										<td align="center">Feminine: 242 (58.7%)</td>
										<td align="center">Average age (years): 32.6</td>
										<td align="center">Single: 64.8%</td>
										<td align="center">Minimum of 8 years of schooling: 81.8%</td>
										<td align="center">Unemployed: men (54.7%) and women (22.3%)</td>
										<td align="center">76.5% Caucasian, 23.5% African descent.</td>
									</tr>
									<tr>
										<td align="center">Different toxic agents used in suicide attempts in Recife<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B19"><sup>19</sup></xref>
										</td>
										<td align="center">December 2008 to August 2009</td>
										<td align="center">77</td>
										<td align="center">110</td>
										<td align="center">Feminine: 78 (70.9%)</td>
										<td align="center">Average age (years): 2.9</td>
										<td align="center">Marital coexistence: 44 (40%)</td>
										<td align="center">Incomplete elementary school: 45 (40.9%)</td>
										<td align="center">Not informed</td>
										<td align="center">73.0% white or brown</td>
									</tr>
									<tr>
										<td align="center">Epidemiological profile of suicide attempts in a municipality in southwest Paraná, from 2017 to 2020<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B20"><sup>20</sup></xref>
										</td>
										<td align="center">2017 to 2020</td>
										<td align="center">258</td>
										<td align="center">382</td>
										<td align="center">Feminine: 274 (71.7%)</td>
										<td align="center">8 a 17 years: 104 (71.7%)</td>
										<td align="center">Single: 182 (47.6%)</td>
										<td align="center">Not informed</td>
										<td align="center">Not informed</td>
										<td align="center">White: 295 (77.2%). Mixed race: 56 (14.7%). Other: 31 (8.1%).</td>
									</tr>
									<tr>
										<td align="center">Hospitalizations due to self-inflicted injuries - Brazil, 2002 to 2013<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B21"><sup>21</sup></xref>
										</td>
										<td align="center">2002 to 2013</td>
										<td align="center">35.685</td>
										<td align="center">105.097</td>
										<td align="center">Masculine: 63.468 (60.4%)</td>
										<td align="center">30-39 years (most prevalent)</td>
										<td align="center">Not informed</td>
										<td align="center">Not informed</td>
										<td align="center">Not informed</td>
										<td align="center">Not informed</td>
									</tr>
									<tr>
										<td align="center">Profile of patients treated for attempted suicide at a General Emergency Hospital in the state of Alagoas, Brazil<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B22"><sup>22</sup></xref>
										</td>
										<td align="center">2015 to 2017</td>
										<td align="center">682</td>
										<td align="center">824</td>
										<td align="center">Masculine: 522 (63.3%)</td>
										<td align="center">15-29 years: 413 (50.1%)</td>
										<td align="center">Not informed</td>
										<td align="center">Not informed</td>
										<td align="center">Not informed</td>
										<td align="center">Not informed</td>
									</tr>
									<tr>
										<td align="center">Pre-hospital attendance to suicide attempts<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B23"><sup>23</sup></xref>
										</td>
										<td align="center">2011</td>
										<td align="center">70</td>
										<td align="center">80</td>
										<td align="center">Feminine: 44 (55%)</td>
										<td align="center">Average age (years): 29.1</td>
										<td align="center">Not informed</td>
										<td align="center">Not informed</td>
										<td align="center">Not informed</td>
										<td align="center">Not informed</td>
									</tr>
									<tr>
										<td align="center">Prevalence and characteristics of self-inflicted exogenous violence and intoxication: a study from a database on notifications<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B24"><sup>24</sup></xref>
										</td>
										<td align="center">2013 to 2017</td>
										<td align="center">5.624</td>
										<td align="center">18.544</td>
										<td align="center">Feminine: 12.425 (67%)</td>
										<td align="center">30-59: 8.602 (46.4%)</td>
										<td align="center">Not informed</td>
										<td align="center">Complete/incomplete elementary education: 7.355 (58.3%)</td>
										<td align="center">Not informed</td>
										<td align="center">White: 15.292 (86%). Other: 2.496 (14%).</td>
									</tr>
									<tr>
										<td align="center">Self-inflicted violence by exogenous poisoning in an emergency service<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B27"><sup>27</sup></xref>
										</td>
										<td align="center">2009 to 2014</td>
										<td align="center">163</td>
										<td align="center">277</td>
										<td align="center">Feminine: 158 (57%)</td>
										<td align="center">Up to 19 years old: 66 (23.8%)</td>
										<td align="center">Not informed</td>
										<td align="center">Elementary education: 145 (52.4%)</td>
										<td align="center">In activity: 116 (41.9%)</td>
										<td align="center">Not informed</td>
									</tr>
									<tr>
										<td align="center">Poisoning and suicide attempts and suicides: considerations on access and restrictive measures<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B28"><sup>28</sup></xref>
										</td>
										<td align="center">1998 to 2009</td>
										<td align="center">79.418</td>
										<td align="center">79.418</td>
										<td align="center">Masculine: 44.828 (56.4%)</td>
										<td align="center">20 to 29 years: 22.112 (27.8%)</td>
										<td align="center">Not informed</td>
										<td align="center">Not informed</td>
										<td align="center">Not informed</td>
										<td align="center">Not informed</td>
									</tr>
									<tr>
										<td align="center">Suicide and attempts suicide by exogenous intoxication in Rio de Janeiro: analysis of data from official health information systems, 2006‐2008<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B29"><sup>29</sup></xref>
										</td>
										<td align="center">2006 to 2008</td>
										<td align="center">907 (CCIn)</td>
										<td align="center">907 (CCIn)</td>
										<td align="center">Feminine: 618 (68.2%)</td>
										<td align="center">30 to 39 years: 304 (34%)</td>
										<td align="center">Not informed</td>
										<td align="center">Not informed</td>
										<td align="center">Not informed</td>
										<td align="center">Not informed</td>
									</tr>
									<tr>
										<td align="center">Suicide attempts by exposure to toxic agents registered in a Toxicological Information and Assistance Center in Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil, 2013<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B13"><sup>13</sup></xref>
										</td>
										<td align="center">2013</td>
										<td align="center">409</td>
										<td align="center">409</td>
										<td align="center">Feminine: 230 (56.2%)</td>
										<td align="center">20 a 29 years: 135 (33.3%)</td>
										<td align="center">Not informed</td>
										<td align="center">Not informed</td>
										<td align="center">Student: 62(19.7%) Other: 144 (45.7%)</td>
										<td align="center">Not informed</td>
									</tr>
									<tr>
										<td align="center">Suicide attempts and suicides in the pre-hospital care<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B30"><sup>30</sup></xref>
										</td>
										<td align="center">2005 a 2012</td>
										<td align="center">44</td>
										<td align="center">257</td>
										<td align="center">Masculine: 170 (66.4%)</td>
										<td align="center">20 to 39 years</td>
										<td align="center">Not informed</td>
										<td align="center">Not informed</td>
										<td align="center">Not informed</td>
										<td align="center">Not informed</td>
									</tr>
									<tr>
										<td align="center">Suicide attempts: epidemiologic trends towards geoprocessing<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7"><sup>7</sup></xref>
										</td>
										<td align="center">2010 to 2013</td>
										<td align="center">446</td>
										<td align="center">446</td>
										<td align="center">Feminine: 296 (6.4%)</td>
										<td align="center">30 or less: 278 (62.3%)</td>
										<td align="center">Not informed</td>
										<td align="center">Not informed</td>
										<td align="center">Not informed</td>
										<td align="center">Not informed</td>
									</tr>
									<tr>
										<td align="center">Suicide attempts notified in a teaching hospital in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, 2014-2016<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B14"><sup>14</sup></xref>
										</td>
										<td align="center">2014 to 2016</td>
										<td align="center">186</td>
										<td align="center">344</td>
										<td align="center">Feminine: 224 (65.1%)</td>
										<td align="center">25 to 59 years: 234 (67.7%)</td>
										<td align="center">Single: 147 (42.7%)</td>
										<td align="center">Incomplete elementary education: 103 (29.9%) Ignored: 117(34%)</td>
										<td align="center">Ignored: 189 (55%)</td>
										<td align="center">White: 291 (84.6%). Black: 24 (7%). Browns: 22 (6.4%). Indígenous: 01 (0.3%). Ignored: 6 (1.7%). Yellow: 0 (0%).</td>
									</tr>
									<tr>
										<td align="center">Trends in suicide attempts at an emergency department<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B9"><sup>9</sup></xref>
										</td>
										<td align="center">2009 to 2012</td>
										<td align="center">475 (2012)</td>
										<td align="center">496 (2012)</td>
										<td align="center">Feminine: 342 (69%)</td>
										<td align="center">Average age (years): 28.76</td>
										<td align="center">Not informed</td>
										<td align="center">Not informed</td>
										<td align="center">Not informed</td>
										<td align="center">Not informed</td>
									</tr>
									<tr>
										<td align="center">The characteristics of suicide attempts assisted by first responders: a cross-sectional epidemiological study<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B32"><sup>32</sup></xref>
										</td>
										<td align="center">2000-2017</td>
										<td align="center">73</td>
										<td align="center">144</td>
										<td align="center">Masculine: 73 (50.7%)</td>
										<td align="center">Average age (years): 30.7</td>
										<td align="center">Not informed</td>
										<td align="center">Not informed</td>
										<td align="center">Not informed</td>
										<td align="center">Not informed</td>
									</tr>
									<tr>
										<td align="center">Epidemiological Profile of Suicide Attempts and Deaths in a Southern Brazilian City<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B33"><sup>33</sup></xref>
										</td>
										<td align="center">August 2010 to August 2012</td>
										<td align="center">137</td>
										<td align="center">164</td>
										<td align="center">Feminine: 133 (81%)</td>
										<td align="center">30 to 40 years: 41 (25%)</td>
										<td align="center">Married / Stable union: 75 (45.7%)</td>
										<td align="center">Fifth to eighth grade incomplete: 34</td>
										<td align="center">Not informed</td>
										<td align="center">White: 142 (86.59%).</td>
									</tr>
									<tr>
										<td align="center">Profile of Patiens Treated for Attempted Suicide in Toxicology Assistance Cente <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B12"><sup>12</sup></xref>
										</td>
										<td align="center">2010</td>
										<td align="center">409</td>
										<td align="center">409</td>
										<td align="center">Feminine: 238 (58.2%)</td>
										<td align="center">20 to 40 years: 257 (6.8%)</td>
										<td align="center">Not informed</td>
										<td align="center">Not informed</td>
										<td align="center">Other: 63 (15.4%) Ignored: 115 (28.2%)</td>
										<td align="center">Not informed</td>
									</tr>
								</tbody>
							</table>
						</table-wrap>
					</p>
				</sec>
				<sec>
					<title>Sociodemographic Data</title>
					<p>Regarding the sex of patients involved in suicide attempts, men represented 39.28% and women 60.04% in all articles analyzed (Table III). Unfortunately, data regarding the profile of the patients involved were not collected satisfactorily in the selected studies. The age range of 20 to 59 years seems to prevail in most studies, with some exceptions, but there is no standard in the classification of age groups, which makes analysis difficult. Most patients were not in a stable relationship at the time of their suicide attempts, so, through the analysis of the five (21.7%) articles, which explained marital status and based on the arithmetic mean, it was found that approximately 48.2% of the people were single<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B5"><sup>5</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B11"><sup>11</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B14"><sup>14</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B20"><sup>20</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B33"><sup>33</sup></xref>. Few articles analyzed here investigated the years of study of the patient who had attempted, however, using data from six (26.0%) articles that addressed years of schooling, an arithmetic mean was predicted that 50.4% of people had schooling up to elementary school, demonstrating that those individuals with complete/incomplete elementary school were more prevalent<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B11"><sup>11</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B14"><sup>14</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B19"><sup>19</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B24"><sup>24</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B26"><sup>26</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B27"><sup>27</sup></xref>. Moreover, unemployment was observed in two (8.6%) articles as a relevant variable, since at least 31.15% of self-extermination attempts were committed by unemployed people<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B9"><sup>9</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B27"><sup>27</sup></xref>. In three (13.0%) articles, female students comprised 20.37% of the population analyse <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B14"><sup>14</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B27"><sup>27</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B29"><sup>29</sup></xref>. Only seven articles (30.4%) cited in this review shared data on the racial identification of the patients involved. Among these, the white race was prevalent, by the arithmetic mean calculation, at 79.64%<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B11"><sup>11</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B14"><sup>14</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B20"><sup>20</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B24"><sup>24</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B26"><sup>26</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B33"><sup>33</sup></xref>. </p>
				</sec>
				<sec>
					<title>Place of Occurrence</title>
					<p>Of the 23 studies, only four (17.3%) analyzed the location of suicide attempts by poisoning<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4"><sup>4</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B12"><sup>12</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B13"><sup>13</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B14"><sup>14</sup></xref>. Most cases occurred in urban areas, with the least study reporting around 74.4% <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4"><sup>4</sup></xref> in this environment, and the main one reporting a percentage of 94.9%<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B13"><sup>13</sup></xref>. Finally, one (4.3%) study found the existence of hot spots, specific regions where there would be a greater risk of committing suicide when compared to other locations<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7"><sup>7</sup></xref>. This same article also concluded that neighborhoods with a lower quality of life index had an increased rate of suicide attempts, compared to the rate of suicide attempts in regions with higher conditions <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7"><sup>7</sup></xref>.</p>
				</sec>
				<sec>
					<title>Agents Used in Poisonings Due to Suicide Attempts</title>
					<p>Of the 23 articles analyzed, 15 (65.2%) specified the type of agent used in the poisoning, and, in all studies, medications were mentioned as the principal agent<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B5"><sup>5</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7"><sup>7</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B11"><sup>11</sup></xref><sup>-</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B14"><sup>14</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B18"><sup>18</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B23"><sup>23</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B25"><sup>25</sup></xref><sup>-</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B27"><sup>27</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B29"><sup>29</sup></xref><sup>-</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B31"><sup>31</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B33"><sup>33</sup></xref>. Only five (21.7%) studies detailed the types of medications used<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B5"><sup>5</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7"><sup>7</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B12"><sup>12</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B13"><sup>13</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B29"><sup>29</sup></xref>. Although they were not the only medications mentioned, psychotropic drugs were the most common in cases of suicide attempts analyzed in the five studies. The second most mentioned agent was chemicals (cleaning products, industrial chemicals, unspecified chemicals), which appeared in 11 (47.8%) of the articles surveyed<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B5"><sup>5</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7"><sup>7</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B12"><sup>12</sup></xref><sup>-</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B14"><sup>14</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B23"><sup>23</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B25"><sup>25</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B26"><sup>26</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B29"><sup>29</sup></xref><sup>-</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B31"><sup>31</sup></xref>. Drugs of abuse (illicit drugs, psychoactive drugs, and alcohol) were identified as agents in seven (30.4%) studies<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B5"><sup>5</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7"><sup>7</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B12"><sup>12</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B13"><sup>13</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B29"><sup>29</sup></xref><sup>-</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B31"><sup>31</sup></xref>. Pesticides (domestic and agricultural) were mentioned in six (26.0%) articles as poisoning agents<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7"><sup>7</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B12"><sup>12</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B13"><sup>13</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B29"><sup>29</sup></xref><sup>-</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B31"><sup>31</sup></xref>. Rodenticides were cited in six (26.0%) studies<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7"><sup>7</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B12"><sup>12</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B13"><sup>13</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B29"><sup>29</sup></xref><sup>-,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B31"><sup>31</sup></xref>, while pesticides were mentioned in four (17,3%)<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B12"><sup>12</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B13"><sup>13</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B29"><sup>29</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B31"><sup>31</sup></xref>. Veterinary products were mentioned in three (13.0%) surveys<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B5"><sup>5</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7"><sup>7</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B31"><sup>31</sup></xref>. Cosmetics were identified as agents in three (13.0%) articles<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B5"><sup>5</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7"><sup>7</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B31"><sup>31</sup></xref>. Three (13.0%) studies cited unidentified harmful/biological substances as a means of poisoning<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B5"><sup>5</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7"><sup>7</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B31"><sup>31</sup></xref>. The least cited agents were food, mentioned in two (8.6%) articles. Metals were identified in one article, and hygiene products were identified in only one (4.3%) article. In six (26.0%) of the selected articles, on average, 64% of suicide attempts by exogenous poisoning were carried out with medications<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B19"><sup>19</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B22"><sup>22</sup></xref><sup>-</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B25"><sup>25</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B27"><sup>27</sup></xref>.</p>
				</sec>
			</sec>
			<sec sec-type="discussion">
				<title>DISCUSSION</title>
				<p>The study of suicide attempts is a challenge for researchers due to the difficulty in recognizing non-lethal cases as attempts, since many patients choose not to seek health services, possibly motivated by fear and shame. Many patients internalize the social belief that a diagnosis of a psychiatric disorder is synonymous with weakness of character, causing shame and denial of their symptoms<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B38"><sup>38</sup></xref>. </p>
				<p>The stigma surrounding psychiatric patients does not exclude healthcare professionals. A 2021 study found that 40% of physicians surveyed believed that a doctor with a history of depression and anxiety was less competent, and 47% reported being less likely to recommend a colleague with a prior psychiatric history<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B39"><sup>39</sup></xref>. These patients are viewed by both the general population and healthcare professionals as unpredictable, aggressive, and difficult<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B40"><sup>40</sup></xref>. Research indicates that stigma causes more harm than merely not reporting suicide attempts; it even compromises the medical treatment that patients receive. According to an article published in 2012, doctors are less likely to refer patients with mental disorders for mammograms, hospitalization for diabetic crises, and cardiac catheterization compared to the rest of the population<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B40"><sup>40</sup></xref>. </p>
				<p>Furthermore, the lack of standardization of suicide attempt notifications creates a gap in the study of the epidemiological profile of the patients involved, since little data is collected in each notification, and there is also high divergence in the way each database structures its analyses. Notably, and due to such difficulties, the establishment of the profile of the patients involved is impaired, enabling erroneous interpretations and preventing the establishment of specific prevention measures targeted at patients at highest risk. </p>
				<p>In this review, the selected articles included data collected from five different databases (SINAN, SIM, SIH-SUS, SIS, and the toxicological information center system of each region). Each database exposed different information about each suicide report, which was a barrier to the interpretation of the data in this study.</p>
				<p>Women are predominant among patients treated for attempted suicide<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B5"><sup>5</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7"><sup>7</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B11"><sup>11</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B14"><sup>14</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B18"><sup>18</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B19"><sup>19</sup></xref>. The presence of a higher number of suicide attempts by women is a well-established pattern in the literature and was replicated in this study. This finding may be related to gender disparities and their effects on the mental health of those affected. Living in an environment dominated by structural machismo can represent an aggravating factor for women’s suicide attempts, mainly due to difficulties related to the perception of women as responsible for taking care of the home and children - despite their increased presence in the job market -, sexual violence in different degrees and gender pay gap. This cumulative victimization is related to an increase in suicidal ideation in women, which is not seen in men to the same extent<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B41"><sup>41</sup></xref>.</p>
				<p>Only five of the studies analyzed demonstrated a higher prevalence in men, who presented more severe symptoms after suicide attempts<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B21"><sup>21</sup></xref><sup>-</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B23"><sup>23</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B28"><sup>28</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B32"><sup>32</sup></xref>. In addition, men account for the majority of deaths by suicide, as well as patients who had to be hospitalized as a result of a suicide attempt<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B34"><sup>34</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B36"><sup>36</sup></xref>. Men tend to make more violent suicide attempts that result in death more frequently, which may explain why there is this difference between the genders. Furthermore, it is noted that studies that evaluated suicide attempts in hospitalized patients may have a higher number of men in their analyses, as these would culminate in medical intervention more frequently due to the intensity of the attempt. In 2020, men died by suicide at a rate four times higher than women. It is related to the fact that men seek mental health services less than women. This problem can be partially explained by men’s subjection to a culture of masculinity that values ​​dominance and strength, making it difficult to express emotions and seek help<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B38"><sup>38</sup></xref>. </p>
				<p>The age group that prevailed in reports of suicide attempts was 20 to 30 years, which is consistent with other studies conducted in the past<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B21"><sup>21</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B36"><sup>36</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B37"><sup>37</sup></xref>. The Elderly may have a lower prevalence in these data, as their attempts tend to be fatal in a higher number of cases, which explains the high suicide mortality rates in this age group, and the lower percentage of suicide attempts was recorded<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B21"><sup>21</sup></xref>. Furthermore, it is estimated that hospitalizations due to suicidal behavior in children also represent a significant number, although these were not included in the present analysis <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B21"><sup>21</sup></xref>.</p>
				<p>Marital status represents a relevant risk for suicide, with cases involving single, divorced, and widowed individuals prevailing in previous research<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B34"><sup>34</sup></xref>. This finding may be related to the fact that social isolation is associated with an increased risk of suicide. Social isolation can be described as a state in which interpersonal contacts and relationships are compromised or non-existent<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B42"><sup>42</sup></xref>. This same finding also contributes to a higher suicide rate among elderly individuals, given that aging is accompanied by the loss of interpersonal relationships, as well as the loss of spouses<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B42"><sup>42</sup></xref>.</p>
				<p>Only seven publications analyzed racial identification as a variable. Among these articles, four evaluated data related to the southern states of Brazil, where, admittedly, most of the population identifies as white. This information may be related to the results that associate a higher proportion of self-declared Caucasians among the individuals participating in the studies. On the other hand, it is worth noting that 45.3% of the population is self-declared as brown and 43.5% as white, according to the 2022 Brazilian demographic census<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B11"><sup>11</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B14"><sup>14</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B20"><sup>20</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B24"><sup>24</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B26"><sup>26</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B33"><sup>33</sup></xref>.</p>
				<p>Few articles investigated the years of study of the patient who had attempted; however, an average of 50.4% of people with education up to elementary school were predicted, demonstrating that those individuals with complete/incomplete elementary school education were more prevalent among patients<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B11"><sup>11</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B14"><sup>14</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B19"><sup>19</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B24"><sup>24</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B26"><sup>26</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B27"><sup>27</sup></xref>. This conclusion is corroborated by other studies that report a higher number of suicide attempt cases among individuals with less than 12 years of education<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B37"><sup>37</sup></xref>. These data can be explained by the inherent difficulties of more disadvantaged social classes, in which higher education was not possible, or was not encouraged, resulting in lower income, lower quality of life, and a higher number of barriers to accessing mental health services and specialized medical care. However, some studies find divergent results, in which higher levels of education were directly related to a greater chance of death by suicide than by natural causes<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B43"><sup>43</sup></xref>. These authors argue that individuals who have achieved high levels of education have a greater expectation of success, making any adversity a higher source of social pressure and psychological stress<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B43"><sup>43</sup></xref>. </p>
				<p>Only five of the studies in this review reported the occupation of patients treated for attempted suicide<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B11"><sup>11</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B13"><sup>13</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B14"><sup>14</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B27"><sup>27</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B33"><sup>33</sup></xref>. From the analysis of these articles, we can see a higher prevalence of suicidal behavior among the unemployed, students, and housewives. Unemployment is one of the factors that has consistently been associated with higher risks of suicide in the scientific literature <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B35"><sup>35</sup></xref>. Thus, the importance of labor laws is highlighted as a way of protecting workers, preventing unfair, unjustified, or illegal dismissals. However, a large part of the Brazilian population works informally, without a guarantee of labor rights, which can further amplify the undesirable effects of a dismissal. The manifestation of suicidal behavior is related to different risk factors, which can be primary (such as the presence of a psychiatric condition and other somatic illnesses), secondary (adverse life situations and psychosocial factors), and tertiary (demographic factors such as gender and age). Thus, the importance of labor laws is highlighted as a way of protecting workers, preventing unfair, unjustified, or illegal dismissals. However, it is known that a large part of the Brazilian population works informally, without guarantee of labor rights, which can further amplify the undesirable effects of a dismissal. In this context, the economic stress caused by unemployment is directly related to suicidal ideation<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B44"><sup>44</sup></xref>.</p>
				<p>Psychotropic drugs were the major agents used by patients treated for suicide attempts. Exogenous intoxication is the principal method involved in suicide attempts for both sexes, with medications being the major agents involved, according to previous research reports<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B21"><sup>21</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B36"><sup>36</sup></xref>. The fundamental role of the quality of the doctor-patient relationship as a factor in preventing suicide attempts is highlighted<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B36"><sup>36</sup></xref>, as well as the importance of a thorough evaluation of the patient before prescribing medications with a high potential for toxicity. Thus, it is clear that the indiscriminate prescription of psychotropic drugs can be a risk factor for a future suicide attempt, highlighting the importance of monitoring in Psychosocial Care Centers (CAPS) and Health Units (US) for the rational and individualized use of medications, avoiding self-medication without medical guidance.</p>
				<p>It is also worth noting that only two of the articles analyzed included data from Brazil<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B21"><sup>21</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B28"><sup>28</sup></xref>; the other studies used data from a specific state or municipality. It is important to note that there are variations between the rates of suicidal behavior in different regions of Brazil, associated with factors specific to each location<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B21"><sup>21</sup></xref>. Thus, rural residents are at-risk populations due to greater pesticide exposure, which becomes a relevant issue in states such as Rio Grande do Sul, where agriculture signifies a pertinent occupation. In the center-west of the country, indigenous populations are at greater risk as a result of cultural disintegration, marginalization, and alcoholism<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B35"><sup>35</sup></xref>. These data show the importance of conducting regional studies that seek to identify the specific populations at risk in that location.</p>
				<p>This review, therefore, understands the analysis by database as a positive point, evidencing a predilection of studies to use information from only one database, so that only two (8.6%) collected data from more than one database<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B28"><sup>28</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B29"><sup>29</sup></xref>, which may lead to results that are not as plausible with reality due to information coming from single centers. We sought confirmation of the predominant profile of patients who were victims of attempted self-extermination, as well as new information by analyzing the gaps in many studies carried out. In addition, different views were sought, such as by regions, periods, and databases, helping to bring little-discussed data on spatial, temporal, and selection views of research sources for observational studies on attempted self-murder by exogenous poisoning.</p>
				<p>The limitations of this review are because of it does not consider non-indexed studies, the absence of articles that address the Central-West and North Regions, which are based mainly on works from the Northeast Region, besides the analysis restricted to studies focused only on the theme of exogenous intoxication attempts in Brazil, and not internationally. Finally, some studies, with a small number of selected participants, may be associated with large confidence intervals, which reduces the accuracy of the results.</p>
			</sec>
			<sec sec-type="conclusions">
				<title>CONCLUSION</title>
				<p>Suicide attempts by exogenous poisoning in Brazil are significant, and understanding the associated factors, such as prevalence among women, unemployed people, single people, individuals with low levels of education, adolescents, and young adults, demonstrates an epidemiological profile of greater risk. Furthermore, poisoning is the most common method for attempted suicide, especially concerning medications, which, due to their widespread use and easy access by the population, make it difficult to prevent such intentional events. Finally, understanding the Brazilian reality, including cultural habits, stressors, marginalized groups, and economic, racial, regional, and gender inequalities, is fundamental to the search for public health measures aimed at preventing attempts at self-extermination. More research is needed to develop deeper into this topic, especially research that can detect minor regional and temporal variations, always seeking to prevent suicides.</p>
			</sec>
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			<fn-group>
				<fn fn-type="supported-by" id="fn4">
					<label>FUNDING SOURCE</label>
					<p> This study was financed from the personal sources of the authors who participated in the preparation and writing of the manuscript.</p>
				</fn>
			</fn-group>
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	</sub-article>
</article>